Journal ArticleDOI
Cross-beam vector Doppler ultrasound for angle-independent velocity measurements.
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TLDR
This article presents a review of most proposed cross-beam systems published to date, focusing on the basic design, the approach used to determine the angle-independent velocity, the advantages of the design, and the disadvantages of the designs.Abstract:
Combining Doppler measurements taken along multiple intersecting ultrasound (US) beams is one approach to obtaining angle-independent velocity. Over 30 laboratories and companies have developed such cross-beam systems since the 1970s. Early designs focused on multiple single-element probes. In the late 1980s, combining multiple color Doppler images acquired from linear-array transducers became a popular modality. This was further expanded to include beam steering and the use of subapertures. Often, with each change in design, came a new twist to calculating the velocity. This article presents a review of most proposed cross-beam systems published to date. The emphasis is on the basic design, the approach used to determine the angle-independent velocity, the advantages of the design, and the disadvantages of the design. From this, requirements needed to convert the idea of angle-independent vector Doppler into a commercial system are suggested.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
High frame-rate blood vector velocity imaging using plane waves: Simulations and preliminary experiments
Jesper Udesen,Fredrik Gran,Kristoffer Lindskov Hansen,Jørgen Arendt Jensen,Carsten Thomsen,Michael Bachmann Nielsen +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a linear array transducer was used to estimate the 2D vector velocity of the blood using 2-D cross-correlation, which was obtained with a frame-rate of 100 Hz where 40 speckle images were used for each vector velocity image.
Journal ArticleDOI
MRI and CFD studies of pulsatile flow in healthy and stenosed carotid bifurcation models
TL;DR: Pulsatile flow was studied in physiologically realistic models of a normal and a moderately stenosed (30% diameter reduction) human carotid bifurcation to derive wall shear stress vectors and compare qualitatively with the corresponding CFD predictions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-Dimensional Intraventricular Flow Mapping by Digital Processing Conventional Color-Doppler Echocardiography Images
Damien Garcia,J. C. del Alamo,David Tanne,Raquel Yotti,Cristina Cortina,Eric Bertrand,José Carlos Antoranz,Esther Pérez-David,Régis Rieu,Francisco Fernández-Avilés,Javier Bermejo +10 more
TL;DR: Clinical Doppler studies showed that the proposed echocardiographic method based on the continuity equation is fast, clinically-compliant and does not require complex training and will potentially enable investigators to study of additional quantitative aspects of intraventricular flow dynamics in the clinical setting by high-throughput processing conventional color-Doppler images.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vector Projectile Imaging: Time-Resolved Dynamic Visualization of Complex Flow Patterns
TL;DR: A new ultrasound-based framework called vector projectile imaging (VPI) that can dynamically render complex flow patterns over an imaging view at millisecond time resolution is presented and suggests that VPI holds promise as a new tool for complex flow analysis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pulsatile flow in a model carotid bifurcation.
David N. Ku,Don P. Giddens +1 more
TL;DR: The location of low wall shear stresses, directionally varying stresses, and longer residence times for fluid elements appears to coincide with the localization of early atheromatous plaques in human carotid specimens.
BookDOI
Ultrasound in Medicine
TL;DR: The ultrasonic fields: structure and prediction, elastic properties of tissue, and signal-to-noise relationship for investigative ultrasound are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultrasound Doppler Probing of Flows Transverse with Respect to Beam Axis
TL;DR: The theory and experimental feasibility of measuring Doppler spectra in transverse geometries is presently investigated, finding that the probing of flows transverse to the axis of finite diameter beams, particularly focused beams, is feasible.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple crossed-beam ultrasound Doppler velocimetry
TL;DR: In this article, a new ultrasound Doppler technique for obtaining calibrated 3D flow velocity information is reported, and theoretical expressions for the expected Doppla shift and the spectral spread under a variety of flow conditions are derived.