Journal ArticleDOI
Cytokinetic and cytogenetic effects of some agricultural chemicals on human lymphoid cells in vitro: organophosphates.
TLDR
Of the 9 chemicals tested after metabolic activation by liver microsomal S9 preparation, significant increases in SCE frequency were seen in diazinon-, dimethoate-, Dursban- and Phosdrin-treated cells.Abstract:
In the present study, cytotoxic, cytostatic and cytogenetic effects of a number of organophosphate pesticides on human lymphoid cells (LAZ-007) in culture have been examined. Cytotoxic effects were dose related and often led to extensive cell kill. The pronounced effects of various organophosphates on the cell-cycle traverse were shown in data based on the enumeration of M 1 and M 3 metaphases after incubation of cells with BrdU. In cells incubated with 20 μg/ml of the various chemicals, the number of M 1 metaphases ranged from 6% (R-1303) to 18% (Azodrin) compared to no M 1 metaphases in control cultures. The number of M 3 s in cultures treated with 20gmg/ml of the various chemicals tested varied from 0% (Phosdrin) to 7% (parathion) as compared to 17% in control cultures. 11 out of the 14 organophosphates tested, significantly increased the SCE frequency. Of the 9 chemicals tested after metabolic activation by liver microsomal S9 preparation, significant increases in SCE frequency were seen in diazinon-, dimethoate-, Dursban- and Phosdrin-treated cells.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Sister-chromatid exchanges: a report of the GENE-TOX program.
Samuel A. Latt,James W. Allen,Stephen E. Bloom,Anthony V. Carrano,Ernest Falke,David Kram,David Kram,Edward L. Schneider,Rhona Schreck,Raymond R. Tice,Brad Whitfield,Sheldon Wolff +11 more
TL;DR: The data support the concept that SCEs provide a useful indication of exposure, although the mechanism and biological significance of SCE formation still remain to be elucidated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chlorpyrifos: pollution and remediation
TL;DR: Chlorpyrifos, previously shown to be resistant to enhanced degradation, has now been proved to undergo enhanced microbe-mediated decay and special emphasis is given to degradation methods such as ozonation, Fenton treatment, photodegradation, and advanced oxidation processes along with microbial degradation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomarkers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in agricultural workers: a pilot study.
Juan Muniz,Linda A. McCauley,Jennifer Scherer,Michael R. Lasarev,Mary Koshy,Yoke W. Kow,Valle Nazar-Stewart,Glen E. Kisby +7 more
TL;DR: The findings from these in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that organophosphate pesticides induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in agricultural workers and these biomarkers may be useful for increasing the understanding of the link between pesticides and a number of health effects.
Book
Pesticides and the immune system: the public health risks.
Robert Repetto,Sanjay S. Baliga +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer Incidence Among Pesticide Applicators Exposed to Chlorpyrifos in the Agricultural Health Study
Won Jin Lee,Aaron Blair,Jane A. Hoppin,Jay H. Lubin,Jennifer A. Rusiecki,Dale P. Sandler,Mustafa Dosemeci,Michael C. R. Alavanja +7 more
TL;DR: An association between chlorpyrifos use and incidence of lung cancer that deserves further evaluation is suggested.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test
TL;DR: The methods described include the standard plate test, the use and storage of the bacterial tester strains, preparation and use of the liver homogenates, and the methods of inducing the rats for elevated microsomal enzyme activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test: assay of 300 chemicals
TL;DR: There is a high correlation between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity: 90% (156/174) of carcinogens are mutagenic in the test and despite the severe limitations inherent in defining non-carcinogenicity, few "non-Carcinogens" show any degree of mutageniability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sister-chromatid exchanges: a report of the GENE-TOX program.
Samuel A. Latt,James W. Allen,Stephen E. Bloom,Anthony V. Carrano,Ernest Falke,David Kram,David Kram,Edward L. Schneider,Rhona Schreck,Raymond R. Tice,Brad Whitfield,Sheldon Wolff +11 more
TL;DR: The data support the concept that SCEs provide a useful indication of exposure, although the mechanism and biological significance of SCE formation still remain to be elucidated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sister Chromatid Exchanges, Indices of Human Chromosome Damage and Repair: Detection by Fluorescence and Induction by Mitomycin C
TL;DR: Analysis of sister chromatid exchanges may permit more sensitive detection of damage to DNA caused by other agents than has previously been possible by classical cytological techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Case-control study: soft-tissue sarcomas and exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or chlorophenols.
Lennart Hardell,A Sandström +1 more
TL;DR: Exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or chlorophenols gave an approximately 6-fold increase in the risk for soft-tissue sarcomas, it was not possible to determine, however, whether the carcinogenic effect was exerted by these compounds or by impurities such as chlorinated dibenzodioxins anddibenzofurans that in almost all cases were part of the commercial preparations.