Dengue: an escalating problem
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TLDR
Dengue is the most common cause of arboviral disease, and its prevalence is expected to increase, and a cost effective vaccine is needed for the prevention and control of dengue.Abstract:
Dengue viruses, single stranded RNA viruses of the family Flaviviridae, are the most common cause of arboviral disease in the world. They are found virtually throughout the tropics (fig 1) and cause an estimated 50-100 million illnesses annually, including 250 000-500 000 cases of dengue haemorrhagic fever—a severe manifestation of dengue—and 24 000 deaths.1–3 More than two fifths of the world's population (2.5 billion) live in areas potentially at risk for dengue.1 Because travellers to endemic areas are also at risk, healthcare providers should have an understanding of the spectrum of infection, how to diagnose it, and what the appropriate treatment is.
> Come then, let us play at unawares
>
> And see who wins in this sly game of bluff
>
> Man or mosquito
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> D H Lawrence, The Mosquito
#### Summary points
Dengue is the most common cause of arboviral disease
The disease is more prevalent now than at any other time, and its prevalence is expected to increase
A severe manifestation of dengue is dengue haemorrhagic fever, which is more common after a secondary infection with dengue virus
Dengue is a relatively common cause of fever in travellers to the tropics, but severe disease is rare
A cost effective vaccine is needed for the prevention and control of dengue
Our review was prepared from literature on dengue up to 15 April 2002. We searched Medline (for all English articles using the keyword “dengue”), comprehensive textbooks, the Cochrane Library, the internet, and our own files.
Four dengue virus serotypes are recognised. Infection with one serotype is thought to produce lifelong immunity to that serotype but only a few months immunity to the others. 1 4 Humans and mosquitoes are the principal hosts of dengue virus; the mosquito remains infected for life, but the viruses are only known to cause illness in …read more
Citations
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The global distribution and burden of dengue
Samir Bhatt,Peter W. Gething,Oliver J. Brady,Jane P. Messina,Andrew Farlow,Catherine L. Moyes,John M. Drake,John M. Drake,John S. Brownstein,Anne G. Hoen,Osman Sankoh,Osman Sankoh,Monica F. Myers,Dylan B. George,Thomas Jaenisch,G. R. William Wint,Cameron P. Simmons,Thomas W. Scott,Thomas W. Scott,Jeremy Farrar,Jeremy Farrar,Simon I. Hay,Simon I. Hay +22 more
TL;DR: These new risk maps and infection estimates provide novel insights into the global, regional and national public health burden imposed by dengue and will help to guide improvements in disease control strategies using vaccine, drug and vector control methods, and in their economic evaluation.
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Epidemiology of dengue: past, present and future prospects.
TL;DR: The objective of this paper is to review historical and current epidemiology of d Dengue worldwide and reflect on some potential reasons for expansion of dengue into the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Human Immune Response to Dengue Virus Is Dominated by Highly Cross-Reactive Antibodies Endowed with Neutralizing and Enhancing Activity
Martina Beltramello,Katherine L. Williams,Cameron P. Simmons,Annalisa Macagno,Luca Simonelli,Nguyen Than Ha Quyen,Soila Sukupolvi-Petty,Erika Navarro-Sanchez,Paul R. Young,Aravinda M. de Silva,Félix A. Rey,Luca Varani,Stephen S. Whitehead,Michael S. Diamond,Eva Harris,Antonio Lanzavecchia,Federica Sallusto +16 more
TL;DR: These findings reveal an unexpected degree of cross-reactivity in human antibodies against DENV and illustrate the potential for an antibody-based therapy to control severe dengue.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global spread of dengue virus types: mapping the 70 year history.
Jane P. Messina,Oliver J. Brady,Thomas W. Scott,Chenting Zou,David M. Pigott,Kirsten A. Duda,Samir Bhatt,Leah C. Katzelnick,Rosalind E. Howes,Katherine E. Battle,Cameron P. Simmons,Simon I. Hay +11 more
TL;DR: The global distribution and co-circulation of each DENV type from 1943 to 2013 is mapped to show how detection of all types has expanded worldwide together with growing hyperendemicity and there remains a dearth of type-specific information in many parts of the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dengue in travelers
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current approaches to establishing the diagnosis, managing the complications, and preventing this potentially dangerous infection.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
TL;DR: A review of the changing epidemiology of dengue and hemorrhagic fever by geographic region, the natural history and transmission cycles, clinical diagnosis of both Dengue fever and DVF, serologic and virologic laboratory diagnoses, pathogenesis, surveillance, prevention, and control can be found in this paper.
Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever.
TL;DR: A major challenge for public health officials in all tropical areas of the world is to devleop and implement sustainable prevention and control programs that will reverse the trend of emergent dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dengue Viremia Titer, Antibody Response Pattern, and Virus Serotype Correlate with Disease Severity
David W. Vaughn,Sharone Green,Siripen Kalayanarooj,Bruce L. Innis,Suchitra Nimmannitya,Saroj Suntayakorn,Timothy P. Endy,Boonyos Raengsakulrach,Alan L. Rothman,Francis A. Ennis,Ananda Nisalak +10 more
TL;DR: Higher peak titers were associated with increased disease severity for the 31 patients with a peak titer identified, and increased dengue disease severity correlated with high viremia titer, secondary d Dengue virus infection, and DEN-2 virus type.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Edward B. Hayes,Duane J. Gubler +1 more
TL;DR: A major challenge for public health officials in all tropical areas of the world is to develop and implement sustainable prevention and control programs that will reverse the trend of emergent dengue hemorrhagic fever.
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