Book ChapterDOI
Dengue/Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever: History and Current Status
Duane J. Gubler
- Vol. 277, pp 3-22
TLDR
There are currently no vaccines nor antiviral drugs available for dengue viruses; the only effective way to prevent epidemic DF/DHF is to control the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti.Abstract:
Dengue fever (DF) is an old disease; the first record of a clinically compatible disease being recorded in a Chinese medical encyclopaedia in 992. As the global shipping industry expanded in the 18th and 19th centuries, port cities grew and became more urbanized, creating ideal conditions for the principal mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti. Both the mosquitoes and the viruses were thus spread to new geographic areas causing major epidemics. Because dispersal was by sailing ship, however, there were long intervals (10-40 years) between epidemics. In the aftermath of World War II, rapid urbanization in Southeast Asia led to increased transmission and hyperendemicity. The first major epidemics of the severe and fatal form of disease, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), occurred in Southeast Asia as a direct result of this changing ecology. In the last 25 years of the 20th century, a dramatic global geographic expansion of epidemic DF/DHF occurred, facilitated by unplanned urbanization in tropical developing countries, modern transportation, lack of effective mosquito control and globalization. As we go into the 21st century, epidemic DF/DHF is one of the most important infectious diseases affecting tropical urban areas. Each year there are an estimated 50-100 million dengue infections, 500000 cases of DHF that must be hospitalized and 20000-25 000 deaths, mainly in children. Epidemic DF/DHF has an economic impact on the community of the same order of magnitude as malaria and other important infectious diseases. There are currently no vaccines nor antiviral drugs available for dengue viruses; the only effective way to prevent epidemic DF/DHF is to control the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiology of dengue: past, present and future prospects.
TL;DR: The objective of this paper is to review historical and current epidemiology of d Dengue worldwide and reflect on some potential reasons for expansion of dengue into the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21st Century
TL;DR: There are many factors that have contributed to this emergence of epidemic dengue, but only three have been the principal drivers: urbanization, globalization and lack of effective mosquito control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dengue virus life cycle: viral and host factors modulating infectivity
TL;DR: An overview of the infectious life cycle of DENV is given and the viral and host factors that are important in controlling DENV infection are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The continued threat of emerging flaviviruses
TL;DR: The basic biology of these viruses, their life cycles, the diseases they cause and available therapeutic options are reviewed, and the global distribution of flaviviruses is discussed, with a focus on lesser-known species that have the potential to emerge more broadly in human populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatial mapping of gene expression in the salivary glands of the dengue vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti
Jennifer Juhn,Unsar Naeem-Ullah,Unsar Naeem-Ullah,Bruno Augusto Maciel Guedes,Asif Majid,Judy Coleman,Paulo Filemon Paolucci Pimenta,Waseem Akram,Anthony A. James,Osvaldo Marinotti +9 more
TL;DR: Transgenic mosquitoes with reduced vector competence have been proposed as tools for the control of dengue virus transmission by hybridization in situ patterns of 30 transcripts expressed in the salivary glands of adult Ae.
Related Papers (5)
The global distribution and burden of dengue
Samir Bhatt,Peter W. Gething,Oliver J. Brady,Jane P. Messina,Andrew Farlow,Catherine L. Moyes,John M. Drake,John M. Drake,John S. Brownstein,Anne G. Hoen,Osman Sankoh,Osman Sankoh,Monica F. Myers,Dylan B. George,Thomas Jaenisch,G. R. William Wint,Cameron P. Simmons,Thomas W. Scott,Thomas W. Scott,Jeremy Farrar,Jeremy Farrar,Simon I. Hay,Simon I. Hay +22 more