Journal ArticleDOI
Depression and the metabolic syndrome in young adults: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
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TLDR
The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is elevated among women with a history of depression, and it is important to better understand the role depression may play in the effort to reduce the prevalence ofThe metabolic syndrome and its health consequences.Abstract:
Objective: Previous reports have suggested that depression may lead to the development of cardiovascular disease through its association with the metabolic syndrome; however, little is known about the relationship between depression and the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to establish an association between depression and the metabolic syndrome in a nationally representative sample. Methods: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a population-based health survey of noninstitutionalized US citizens completed between 1988 and 1994. Three thousand one hundred eighty-six men and 3003 women, age 17 to 39, free of coronary heart disease and diabetes, completed the depression module from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and a medical examination that provided clinical data needed to establish the presence of the metabolic syndrome, as defined by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Cholesterol in Adults. Results: Women with a history of a major depressive episode were twice as likely to have the metabolic syndrome compared with those with no history of depression. The relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome remained after controlling for age, race, education, smoking, physical inactivity, carbohydrate consumption, and alcohol use. Men with a history of depression were not significantly more likely to have the metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is elevated among women with a history of depression. It is important to better understand the role depression may play in the effort to reduce the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its health consequences. Key words: depression, the metabolic syndrome, the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Insights from the NHLBI-Sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) Study: Part II: gender differences in presentation, diagnosis, and outcome with regard to gender-based pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and macrovascular and microvascular coronary disease.
C. Noel Bairey Merz,Leslee J. Shaw,Steven E. Reis,Vera Bittner,Sheryl F. Kelsey,Marian B. Olson,B. Delia Johnson,Carl J. Pepine,Sunil Mankad,Barry L. Sharaf,William J. Rogers,Gerald M. Pohost,Amir Lerman,Arshed A. Quyyumi,George Sopko,Wise Investigators +15 more
TL;DR: This review highlights gender-specific issues in ischemic heart disease presentation, evaluation, and outcomes with a special focus on the results derived from the National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation study.
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Cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people with severe mental illness position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
TL;DR: The European Psychiatric Association (EPA) supported by the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published a statement with the aim of improving the care of patients suffering from severe mental illness as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insights from the NHLBI-Sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) Study: Part I: gender differences in traditional and novel risk factors, symptom evaluation, and gender-optimized diagnostic strategies.
Leslee J. Shaw,C. Noel Bairey Merz,Carl J. Pepine,Steven E. Reis,Vera Bittner,Sheryl F. Kelsey,Marian B. Olson,B. Delia Johnson,Sunil Mankad,Barry L. Sharaf,William J. Rogers,Timothy R. Wessel,Christopher B. Arant,Gerald M. Pohost,Amir Lerman,Arshed A. Quyyumi,George Sopko,Wise Investigators +17 more
TL;DR: Gender-specific issues in ischemic heart disease presentation, evaluation, and outcomes are highlighted with a special focus on the results published from the National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study.
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The Pathogenetic Role of Cortisol in the Metabolic Syndrome: A Hypothesis
Panagiotis Anagnostis,Vasilios G. Athyros,Konstantinos Tziomalos,Asterios Karagiannis,Dimitri P. Mikhailidis +4 more
TL;DR: The present review summarizes the evidence on the potential role of cortisol in the pathogenesis of MetS and discusses new therapeutic approaches for patients with MetS, which may be partly associated with chronic stress and/or low birth weight.
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Understanding the somatic consequences of depression: biological mechanisms and the role of depression symptom profile
TL;DR: The heterogeneity of the depression concept seems to play a differentiating role: metabolic syndrome and inflammation up-regulations appear more specific to the atypical depression subtype, whereas hypercortisolemia appears more specific for melancholic depression.
References
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Ronald C. Kessler,Katherine A. McGonagle,Shanyang Zhao,Christopher B. Nelson,Michael R. Hughes,Suzann Eshleman,Hans-Ulrich Wittchen,Kenneth S. Kendler +7 more
TL;DR: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders is greater than previously thought to be the case, and morbidity is more highly concentrated than previously recognized in roughly one sixth of the population who have a history of three or more comorbid disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among US Adults: Findings From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
TL;DR: These results from a representative sample of US adults show that the metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent and the large numbers of US residents with the metabolic Syndrome may have important implications for the health care sector.
Journal ArticleDOI
The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men
Hanna-Maaria Lakka,David E. Laaksonen,Timo A. Lakka,Leo Niskanen,Esko Kumpusalo,Jaakko Tuomilehto,Jukka T. Salonen +6 more
TL;DR: Cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality are increased in men with the metabolic syndrome, even in the absence of baseline CVD and diabetes, according to the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study.
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Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome
Bo Isomaa,Peter Almgren,Tiinamaija Tuomi,Björn Forsén,Kaj Lahti,Michael Nissén,Marja-Riitta Taskinen,Leif Groop +7 more
TL;DR: The WHO definition of the metabolic syndrome identifies subjects with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and offers a tool for comparison of results from diferent studies.
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