Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
James P. Nataro,James B. Kaper +1 more
TLDR
The current level of understanding of the pathogenesis of the diarrheagenic E. coli strains is discussed and how their pathogenic schemes underlie the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and epidemiologic investigation of these important pathogens are described.Abstract:
Escherichia coli is the predominant nonpathogenic facultative flora of the human intestine. Some E. coli strains, however, have developed the ability to cause disease of the gastrointestinal, urinary, or central nervous system in even the most robust human hosts. Diarrheagenic strains of E. coli can be divided into at least six different categories with corresponding distinct pathogenic schemes. Taken together, these organisms probably represent the most common cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide. Several distinct clinical syndromes accompany infection with diarrheagenic E. coli categories, including traveler’s diarrhea (enterotoxigenic E. coli), hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (enterohemorrhagic E. coli), persistent diarrhea (enteroaggregative E. coli), and watery diarrhea of infants (enteropathogenic E. coli). This review discusses the current level of understanding of the pathogenesis of the diarrheagenic E. coli strains and describes how their pathogenic schemes underlie the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and epidemiologic investigation of these important pathogens.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Food-related illness and death in the United States.
Paul S. Mead,Laurence Slutsker,Vance Dietz,Linda F. McCaig,Joseph S. Bresee,Craig N. Shapiro,Patricia M. Griffin,Robert V. Tauxe +7 more
TL;DR: Overall, foodborne diseases appear to cause more illnesses but fewer deaths than previously estimated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathogenic Escherichia coli
TL;DR: Few microorganisms are as versatile as Escherichia coli; it can also be a highly versatile, and frequently deadly, pathogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and evolutionary forces shaping microbial diversity in the human intestine.
TL;DR: The human gut is populated with as many as 100 trillion cells, whose collective genome, the microbiome, is a reflection of evolutionary selection pressures acting at the level of the host and at thelevel of the microbial cell.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sex and virulence in Escherichia coli: an evolutionary perspective
Thierry Wirth,Daniel Falush,Ruiting Lan,Frances M. Colles,Patience Mensa,Lothar H. Wieler,Helge Karch,Peter R. Reeves,Martin C. J. Maiden,Howard Ochman,Mark Achtman +10 more
TL;DR: The evolution of virulence is linked to bacterial sex because rates of evolution have accelerated in pathogenic lineages, culminating in highly virulent organisms whose genomic contents are altered frequently by increased rates of homologous recombination.
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Pathogenicity Islands and the Evolution of Microbes
Jörg Hacker,James B. Kaper +1 more
TL;DR: Genomic islands are present in the majority of genomes of pathogenic as well as nonpathogenic bacteria and may encode accessory functions which have been previously spread among bacterial populations and are argued for the generation of pathogenicity islands by horizontal gene transfer.
References
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Book
Manual of Clinical Microbiology
TL;DR: The role of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory in Nosocomial and Community Infections and Antimicrobial Agents and Susceptibility Tests, Quality Control, Media, Reagents and Stains is examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hemorrhagic colitis associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotype
Lee W. Riley,Robert S. Remis,Steven D. Helgerson,Harry B. McGee,Joy G. Wells,Betty R. Davis,Richard J. Hebert,Ellen S. Olcott,Linda M. Johnson,Nancy T. Hargrett,Paul A. Blake,Mitchell L. Cohen +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated two outbreaks of an unusual gastrointestinal illness that affected at least 47 people in Oregon and Michigan in February through March and May through June 1982, which was characterized by severe crampy abdominal pain, initially watery diarrhea followed by grossly bloody diarrhea, and little or no fever.
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