Journal ArticleDOI
Dielectric functions and optical parameters of Si, Ge, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, and InSb from 1.5 to 6.0 eV
David E. Aspnes,A. A. Studna +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the pseudodielectric functions of spectroscopic ellipsometry and refractive indices were measured using the real-time capability of the spectro-optical ellipsometer.Abstract:
We report values of pseudodielectric functions $〈\ensuremath{\epsilon}〉=〈{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{1}〉+i〈{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{2}〉$ measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry and refractive indices $\stackrel{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}{n}=n+ik$, reflectivities $R$, and absorption coefficients $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ calculated from these data. Rather than correct ellipsometric results for the presence of overlayers, we have removed these layers as far as possible using the real-time capability of the spectroscopic ellipsometer to assess surface quality during cleaning. Our results are compared with previous data. In general, there is good agreement among optical parameters measured on smooth, clean, and undamaged samples maintained in an inert atmosphere regardless of the technique used to obtain the data. Differences among our data and previous results can generally be understood in terms of inadequate sample preparation, although results obtained by Kramers-Kronig analysis of reflectance measurements often show effects due to improper extrapolations. The present results illustrate the importance of proper sample preparation and of the capability of separately determining both ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{2}$ in optical measurements.read more
Citations
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Solar Water Splitting Cells
Michael G. Walter,Emily L. Warren,James R. McKone,Shannon W. Boettcher,Qixi Mi,Elizabeth A. Santori,Nathan S. Lewis +6 more
TL;DR: The biggest challenge is whether or not the goals need to be met to fully utilize solar energy for the global energy demand can be met in a costeffective way on the terawatt scale.
Journal ArticleDOI
Self-consistent optical parameters of intrinsic silicon at 300 K including temperature coefficients
TL;DR: In this article, an updated tabulation of the optical properties of intrinsic silicon, of particular interest in solar cell calculations, is presented, with improved values of absorption coefficient, refractive index and extinction coefficient over the 0.25-1.45μm wavelength range at 0.01-μm intervals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ellipsometric determination of optical constants for silicon and thermally grown silicon dioxide via a multi-sample, multi-wavelength, multi-angle investigation
TL;DR: In this article, the optical constant spectra for silicon and thermally grown silicon dioxide have been simultaneously determined using variable angle of incidence spectroscopic ellipsometry from 0.75 to 6.5 eV.
Journal ArticleDOI
Micro-Raman spectroscopy to study local mechanical stress in silicon integrated circuits
TL;DR: In this article, the theoretical background of Raman spectroscopy, with special attention to its sensitivity for mechanical stress, is discussed, and practical information is given for the application of this technique to stress measurements in silicon integrated circuits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wavelength-scanned surface-enhanced Raman excitation spectroscopy.
TL;DR: Three vibrational modes of benzenethiol are studied simultaneously on one substrate, and it is demonstrated that the smaller Raman shifted peak shows a maximum enhancement closer to the LSPR lambda(max) than that of a larger Raman shift peak, in agreement with the predictions of the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism of SERS.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Berechnung verschiedener physikalischer Konstanten von heterogenen Substanzen. I. Dielektrizitätskonstanten und Leitfähigkeiten der Mischkörper aus isotropen Substanzen
TL;DR: In this article, the Berechnung der dielektrizitatatkonstanten and der Leitfahigkeiten fur Elektriatitat and Warme der Mischkorper aus isotropen Bestandteilen behandelt.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical Properties of Semiconductors
H. R. Philipp,H. Ehrenreich +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant and the function describing the energy loss of fast electrons traversing the materials are deduced from the Kramers-Kronig relations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation of effective-medium models of microscopic surface roughness by spectroscopic ellipsometry
TL;DR: In this article, Bruggeman and Maxwell Garnett showed that the dielectric properties of microscopically rough layers of thicknesses 100-500 \AA{}A are accurately modeled in the effective medium approximation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intrinsic Optical Absorption in Single-Crystal Germanium and Silicon at 77°K and 300°K
W. C. Dash,R. Newman +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the intrinsic absorption spectra of high-purity single-crystal germanium and silicon have been measured at 77\ifmmode^\circ\else\text degree\fi{}K and 300\ifmode^''circ\decrease\textdegree\fi {}K, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical Absorption of Gallium Arsenide Between 0.6 and 2.75 eV
TL;DR: The optical absorption coefficient of high resistivity gallium arsenide has been measured over the range of photon energy 0.6 to 2.75 eV, at temperatures from 10 to 294\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K as mentioned in this paper.