DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa: a historical review
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TLDR
The area of DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa is highly relevant in the fertility clinics, the need for further studies focusing on standardization of the methods and clinical implementation persists persists.Abstract:
Sperm DNA Fragmentation has been extensively studied for more than a decade. In the 1940s the uniqueness of the spermatozoa protein complex which stabilizes the DNA was discovered. In the fifties and sixties, the association between unstable chromatin structure and subfertility was investigated. In the seventies, the impact of induced DNA damage was investigated. In the 1980s the concept of sperm DNA fragmentation as related to infertility was introduced as well as the first DNA fragmentation test: the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labelling (TUNEL) test followed by others was introduced in the nineties. The association between DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa and pregnancy loss has been extensively investigated spurring the need for a therapeutic tool for these patients. This gave rise to an increased interest in the aetiology of DNA damage. The present decade continues within this research area. Some of the more novel methods recently submerging are sorting of cells with increased DNA fragmentation and hyaluronic acid (HA) binding techniques. The clinical value of these tests remains to be elucidated. In spite of half a century of research within the area, this analysis is not routinely implemented into the fertility clinics. The underlying causes are multiple. The abundance of methods has impeded the need for a clinical significant threshold. One of the most promising methods was commercialized in 2005 and has been reserved for larger licensed laboratories. Myriads of reviews and meta-analyses on studies using different assays for analysis of DNA fragmentation, different clinical Artificial Reproductive Treatments (ART), different definitions of successful ART outcome and small patient cohorts have been published. Although the area of DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa is highly relevant in the fertility clinics, the need for further studies focusing on standardization of the methods and clinical implementation persists.read more
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Giuseppina Marzano,Maria Serena Chiriacò,Elisabetta Primiceri,Maria Elena Dell'Aquila,João Ramalho-Santos,Vincenzo Zara,Alessandra Ferramosca,Giuseppe Maruccio +7 more
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Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress: The Particular Case of the Stallion Spermatozoa.
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TL;DR: Horses are a good model for the study of redox biology in the spermatozoa and its impact on the embryo because of their intense mitochondrial activity and sophisticated systems to control redox homeostasis.
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Independent and combined effects of diethylhexyl phthalate and polychlorinated biphenyl 153 on sperm quality in the human and dog.
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Associations of sperm DNA fragmentation with lifestyle factors and semen parameters of Saudi men and its impact on ICSI outcome.
Basmah Al Omrani,Nadia Al Eisa,Murid Javed,Maher Hassan Al Ghedan,Hamoud Al Matrafi,Hamad Al Sufyan +5 more
TL;DR: There was no difference in ICSI outcome in low and moderate sperm DNA fragmentation, however, in high spermDNA fragmentation no patient achieved pregnancy, and the results of this study indicated that 14% Saudi men had high DNA fragmentation.
References
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Utility of the sperm chromatin structure assay as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in the human fertility clinic
Donald P. Evenson,Lorna K. Jost,D Marshall,M J Zinaman,E D Clegg,K Purvis,P. De Angelis,O P Claussen +7 more
TL;DR: Based on logistic regression, spermatozoa with denatured DNA (cells outside the main population, COMP alpha t) were the best predictor for whether a couple would not achieve pregnancy.
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Sperm chromatin structure assay: its clinical use for detecting sperm DNA fragmentation in male infertility and comparisons with other techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relation of mammalian sperm chromatin heterogeneity to fertility.
TL;DR: Flow cytometry of heated sperm nuclei revealed a significant decrease in resistance to in situ denaturation of spermatozoal DNA in samples from bulls, mice, and humans of low or questionable fertility when compared with others of high fertility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sperm chromatin damage impairs human fertility
Marcello Spanò,Jens Peter Bonde,Henrik Hjøllund,Henrik A Kolstad,Eugenia Cordelli,Giorgio Leter +5 more
TL;DR: The SCSA emerged as a predictor of the probability to conceive in this population-based study and Optimal sperm chromatin packaging seems necessary for full expression of the male fertility potential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sperm DNA integrity assessment in prediction of assisted reproduction technology outcome
Mona Bungum,Peter Humaidan,Anna Axmon,Marcello Spanò,Leif Bungum,Juris Erenpreiss,Aleksander Giwercman +6 more
TL;DR: DFI can be used as an independent predictor of fertility in couples undergoing IUI and all infertile men should be tested with SCSA as a supplement to the standard semen analysis, when DFI exceeds 30%, ICSI should be the method of choice.