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Journal ArticleDOI

Drugs in Pregnancy

Gideon Koren, +2 more
- 16 Apr 1998 - 
- Vol. 338, Iss: 16, pp 1128-1137
TLDR
For example, this article found that most drugs that appear in the Physicians' Desk Reference and similar sources contain statements such as, “Use in pregnancy is not recommended unless the potential benefits justify the potential risks to the fetus.
Abstract
Before marketing a new drug, the manufacturer almost never tests the product in pregnant women to determine its effects on the fetus. Consequently, most drugs are not labeled for use during pregnancy. Typically, descriptions of drugs that appear in the Physicians' Desk Reference and similar sources contain statements such as, “Use in pregnancy is not recommended unless the potential benefits justify the potential risks to the fetus.” Since the risk has been adequately established for only a few drugs, physicians caring for pregnant women have very little information to help them decide whether the potential benefits to the mother outweigh . . .

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Citations
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Guidelines on Urological Infections

TL;DR: It is essential to limit the use of antibiotics in general and fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins in particular, especially in uncomplicated infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria.
Journal ArticleDOI

Silica and titanium dioxide nanoparticles cause pregnancy complications in mice.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that nanoparticles with diameters of 70 nm and 35 nm can cause pregnancy complications when injected intravenously into pregnant mice, and that these detrimental effects are linked to structural and functional abnormalities in the placenta on the maternal side, and are abolished when the surfaces of the silica nanoparticles are modified with carboxyl and amine groups.
Journal ArticleDOI

European evidence based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: special situations.

TL;DR: The third section of the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) Consensus on the management of Crohn disease concerns postoperative recurrence, fistulating disease, paediatrics, pregnancy, psychosomatics, extraintestinal manifestations, and alternative therapy.
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The treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder. An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Review.

TL;DR: A task force consisting of six authors reviewed the published literature on the therapy of the restless legs syndrome or periodic limb movements in sleep available in indices through April, 1998 and selected the 45 articles for detailed review which presented original investigations of therapeutic impact and met minimal standards.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis

TL;DR: It is concluded that H and I2, which can usually be calculated for published meta-analyses, are particularly useful summaries of the impact of heterogeneity, and one or both should be presented in publishedMeta-an analyses in preference to the test for heterogeneity.
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Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias.

TL;DR: In this paper, an adjusted rank correlation test is proposed as a technique for identifying publication bias in a meta-analysis, and its operating characteristics are evaluated via simulations, and the test statistic is a direct statistical analogue of the popular funnel-graph.
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A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions

TL;DR: It was shown that the ADR probability scale has consensual, content, and concurrent validity and may be applicable to postmarketing drug surveillance.
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The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions.

TL;DR: It is shown that it is feasible to develop a checklist that can be used to assess the methodological quality not only of randomised controlled trials but also non-randomised studies and it is possible to produce a Checklist that provides a profile of the paper, alerting reviewers to its particular methodological strengths and weaknesses.
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Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation

TL;DR: A randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects.
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