Journal ArticleDOI
Early‐Childhood Poverty and Adult Attainment, Behavior, and Health
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TLDR
Findings indicate statistically significant and, in some cases, quantitatively large detrimental effects of early poverty on a number of attainment-related outcomes (adult earnings and work hours).Abstract:
This article assesses the consequences of poverty between a child’s prenatal year and 5th birthday for several adult achievement, health, and behavior outcomes, measured as late as age 37. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1,589) and controlling for economic conditions in middle childhood and adolescence, as well as demographic conditions at the time of the birth, findings indicate statistically significant and, in some cases, quantitatively large detrimental effects of early poverty on a number of attainment-related outcomes (adult earnings and work hours). Early-childhood poverty was not associated with such behavioral measures as out-of-wedlock childbearing and arrests. Most of the adult earnings effects appear to operate through early poverty’s association with adult work hours.read more
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Where is the Land of Opportunity? The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States*
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use administrative records on the incomes of more than 40 million children and their parents to describe three features of intergenerational mobility in the United States: the joint distribution of parent and child income at the national level, the conditional expectation of child income given parent income, and the factors correlated with upward mobility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bilingualism: consequences for mind and brain
TL;DR: This research shows that bilingualism has a somewhat muted effect in adulthood but a larger role in older age, protecting against cognitive decline, a concept known as 'cognitive reserve'.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Poverty on the Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Health of Children and Youth: Implications for Prevention.
TL;DR: It is illustrated how a better understanding of the mechanisms of effect by which poverty impacts children's mental, emotional, and behavioral health is valuable in designing effective preventive interventions for those in poverty.
Journal ArticleDOI
Building a new biodevelopmental framework to guide the future of early childhood policy.
TL;DR: An integrated, biodevelopmental framework is offered to promote greater understanding of the antecedents and causal pathways that lead to disparities in health, learning, and behavior in order to inform the development of enhanced theories of change to drive innovation in policies and programs.
References
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Posted ContentDOI
Human Capital Policy
TL;DR: This paper showed the importance of cognitive and non-cognitive skills that are formed early in the life cycle in accounting for racial, ethnic and family background gaps in schooling and other dimensions of socioeconomic success.
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Interpreting the evidence on life cycle skill formation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors formalize the concepts of self-productivity and complementarity of human capital investments and use them to explain the evidence on skill formation, and provide a theoretical framework for interpreting the evidence from a vast empirical literature, for guiding the next generation of empirical studies, and for formulating policy.
Journal ArticleDOI
How much does childhood poverty affect the life chances of children
TL;DR: The authors examined the impact of the level of income and the timing of economic deprivation in childhood on completed schooling in the US and found that children with family incomes of $15,000-25,000 completed 4.1 times greater odds of completing high school and had an insignificantly lower risk of a nonmarital birth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trajectories of growth among children who have coronary events as adults.
TL;DR: On average, adults who had a coronary event had been small at birth and thin at two years of age and thereafter put on weight rapidly and was associated with insulin resistance in later life.