Journal ArticleDOI
Early‐Childhood Poverty and Adult Attainment, Behavior, and Health
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TLDR
Findings indicate statistically significant and, in some cases, quantitatively large detrimental effects of early poverty on a number of attainment-related outcomes (adult earnings and work hours).Abstract:
This article assesses the consequences of poverty between a child’s prenatal year and 5th birthday for several adult achievement, health, and behavior outcomes, measured as late as age 37. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1,589) and controlling for economic conditions in middle childhood and adolescence, as well as demographic conditions at the time of the birth, findings indicate statistically significant and, in some cases, quantitatively large detrimental effects of early poverty on a number of attainment-related outcomes (adult earnings and work hours). Early-childhood poverty was not associated with such behavioral measures as out-of-wedlock childbearing and arrests. Most of the adult earnings effects appear to operate through early poverty’s association with adult work hours.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Stable longitudinal associations of family income with children's hippocampal volume and memory persist after controlling for polygenic scores of educational attainment
Laurel Raffington,Laurel Raffington,Darina Czamara,Johannes Julius Mohn,Johannes Julius Mohn,Johannes Falck,Vanessa Schmoll,Christine Heim,Christine Heim,Christine Heim,Elisabeth B. Binder,Elisabeth B. Binder,Yee Lee Shing,Yee Lee Shing +13 more
TL;DR: Experimental results suggested that the relationship of income with hippocampal volume and memory in middle childhood is not primarily driven by genetic variance captured by polygenic scores of educational attainment, despite the fact that polygenic Scores significantly predicted family income.
Journal ArticleDOI
Childhood Homelessness and Adult Employment: The Role of Education, Incarceration, and Welfare Receipt
TL;DR: For example, the authors found that those experiencing homelessness for the first time as children are less likely to be employed than those who were never homeless as a child, and this relationship is largely explained by the lower educational attainment and higher welfare receipt of those experiencing childhood homelessness.
Journal ArticleDOI
Socioeconomic background, education, and labor force outcomes: evidence from a regional US sample
TL;DR: This paper examined the long-term association of family socioeconomic status (SES), educational, and labor force outcomes in a regional US longitudinal sample (N = 2264) and found that the academic achievement gap associated with SES widens during secondary schooling due in part to course-level tracking.
Journal ArticleDOI
In-Home Social Networks and Positive Adjustment in Children Witnessing Intimate Partner Violence:
Laura E. Miller,Adrienne VanZomeren-Dohm,Kathryn H. Howell,Erin C. Hunter,Sandra A. Graham-Bermann +4 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the in-home networks for 120 preschool-age children who were recently exposed to male-to-female intimate partner violence (IPV), and they found that larger inhome networks were associated with fewer child internalizing and externalizing problems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Can non-cognitive skills compensate for background disadvantage? -- the moderation of non-cognitive skills on family socioeconomic status and achievement during early childhood and early adolescence.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that higher non-cognitive skills will reduce family SES's effects on achievement in a longitudinal setting is tested, and the results corroborate the hypothesis, indicating that non- cognition skills will moderate family S ES's effects, and higherNon-c cognitive skills will lessen family Ses's results on achievement.
References
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Book
A Treatise on the Family
TL;DR: The Enlarged Edition as mentioned in this paper provides an overview of the evolution of the family and the state Bibliography Index. But it does not discuss the relationship between fertility and the division of labor in families.
Book
Schooling, Experience, and Earnings
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the distribution of worker earnings across workers and over the working age as consequences of differential investments in human capital and developed the human capital earnings function, an econometric tool for assessing rates of return and other investment parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior.
Ian C. G. Weaver,Nadia Cervoni,Frances A. Champagne,Ana C. D'Alessio,Shakti Sharma,Jonathan R. Seckl,Sergiy Dymov,Moshe Szyf,Michael J. Meaney +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that an epigenomic state of a gene can be established through behavioral programming, and it is potentially reversible, suggesting a causal relation among epigenomicState, GR expression and the maternal effect on stress responses in the offspring.
BookDOI
From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development
TL;DR: From Neurons to Neighborhoods as discussed by the authors presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how children learn to learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior, and examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.