Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of focal cerebellar lesions on procedural learning in the serial reaction time task
TLDR
The results show that patients do not acquire procedural knowledge when performing the task with the hand ipsilateral to the lesion, but show normal learning with the contralateral hand, which suggests a critical role for the cerebellum and/or crossed cerebellar-prefrontal connections in this type of learning.Abstract:
Prior studies have shown that procedural learning is severely impaired in patients with diffuse cerebellar damage (cortical degeneration) as measured by the serial reaction time task (SRTT). We hypothesize that focal cerebellar lesions can also have lateralized effects on procedural learning. Our objective was to assess the effects of focal cerebellar lesions in procedural learning as measured by the SRTT. We studied 14 patients with single, unilateral vascular lesions in the territory of the posterior-inferior or superior cerebellar artery, who were compared with ten age- and sex-matched controls in a one-handed version of the SRTT. Patients with lesions at any other level of the brain or posterior fossa were excluded by cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Our results show that patients do not acquire procedural knowledge when performing the task with the hand ipsilateral to the lesion, but show normal learning with the contralateral hand. No correlation was found with the side, size, or vascular territory of the lesion. We conclude that procedural learning is impaired in hemispheric cerebellar lesions and involves only the hand ipsilateral to the lesion, which suggests a critical role for the cerebellum and/or crossed cerebellar-prefrontal connections in this type of learning.read more
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Consensus Paper: The Role of the Cerebellum in Perceptual Processes
Oliver Baumann,Ronald Borra,Ronald Borra,James M. Bower,Kathleen E. Cullen,Christophe Habas,Richard B. Ivry,Maria Leggio,Jason B. Mattingley,Marco Molinari,Eric A. Moulton,Michael G. Paulin,Marina A. Pavlova,Jeremy D. Schmahmann,Arseny A. Sokolov +14 more
TL;DR: This consensus paper summarizes the impressive empirical evidence on this problem and highlights diversities as well as commonalities between existing hypotheses into the influence of the cerebellum on sensory perception.
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Dysmetria of thought: clinical consequences of cerebellar dysfunction on cognition and affect.
TL;DR: Evidence suggesting that the cerebellum is an important part of a set of distributed neural circuits that subserve higher-order processing is supported by the concept of `dysmetria of thought', which draws an analogy with the motor system to describe and explain the impairments of higher- order behavior that result when the distributed Neural circuits subserving cognitive operations are deprived of cerebellar modulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Motor Learning Produces Parallel Dynamic Functional Changes during the Execution and Imagination of Sequential Foot Movements
Martin F. Lafleur,Philip L. Jackson,Francine Malouin,Carol L. Richards,Alan C. Evans,Julien Doyon,Julien Doyon +6 more
TL;DR: A similar pattern of dynamic changes was observed in both phases of learning during the motor imagery conditions, suggesting that the cerebral plasticity occurring during the incremental acquisition of a motor sequence executed physically is reflected by the covert production of this skilled behavior using motor imagery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for a deficit in procedural learning in children and adolescents with autism: Implications for cerebellar contribution.
TL;DR: The data suggest that deficits in procedural learning may contribute to the cognitive and behavioral phenotype of autism; these deficits may be secondary to abnormalities in cerebellar–frontal circuitry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dyslexics are impaired on implicit higher-order sequence learning, but not on implicit spatial context learning
TL;DR: The findings indicate that dyslexic college students are impaired on some kinds of implicit learning, but not on others, and the specific nature of their learning deficit is consistent with reports of physiological and anatomical differences for individuals with dyslexia in frontal and cerebellar structures.
References
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Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures
Mary Jo Nissen,Peter Bullemer +1 more
TL;DR: This article investigated whether performance measures would also show a strong dependence on attention and found that patients with Korsakoff's syndrome learned the sequence despite their lack of awareness of the repeating pattern.
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Anatomical evidence for cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement in higher cognitive function
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Motor sequence learning: a study with positron emission tomography
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the development of procedural knowledge.
TL;DR: A subgroup of subjects showed substantial procedural learning of the sequence in the absence of explicit declarative knowledge of it, and their ability to generate the sequence was effectively at chance and showed no savings in learning.
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