Q2. What are the future works in "Energy recovery from waste in india: an evidence-based analysis" ?
Having surveyed stakeholders in the field of WtE and evaluated operational plants in India, a number of recommendations are made to guide future policies and make WtE a viable option for India: 1. Introduce contracts for waste collections and deliveries With only 70 % of MSW being collected in India there is scope for significant improvement ( Unnikrishnan and Singh, 2010 ).
Q3. What is the need for collaboration and communication among central governments, ULBs and plant operators?
Collaboration and communication among central governments, ULBs and plant operators is needed to reduce contamination and improve source segregation.
Q4. How much is the capital cost of a WtE plant in india?
low labour costs and fewer flue gas treatment processes have resulted in the capital cost of WtE plants in India being relatively low.
Q5. What are the promising technologies for the disposal of MSW in India?
incineration and gasification have been considered to be more promising than RDF for the thermochemical disposal of MSW in India (Nixon et al., 2013b), integrated material recovery facilities, composting, incineration and landfilling would likely provide the greatest environmental benefits (Erses Yay, 2015).
Q6. How many hectares of land are required for landfill?
In urban areas of India, the land required for landfill is approximately 1240 hectares per year and the majority of dumpsites are over their capacity.
Q7. What is the way to reduce open dumping?
3. Improve education, public awareness and participationBetter awareness of handling MSW from the public will improve source segregation and reduce open dumping.
Q8. How many participants raised the issue of inadequate collections?
Other issues such as inadequate collections, the high cost of WtE, lack of expertise and minimal characterisation data were only raised by a small number of8 participants.
Q9. What is the recent growth in India?
The recent growth in these countries has been spurred by an improved awareness of the hazards and environmental impacts associated with MSW, and increasing energy and land requirements (Yang et al., 2013).
Q10. Why did Kalyani and Pandey conclude that MSW processing plant closures were due?
Kalyani and Pandey (2014) suggested that MSW processing plant closures have been due to a lack of logistical planning and financing.
Q11. What is the common way of sending fly ash to landfill?
Fly ash in the UK is typically combined with air pollution control residues and sent to hazardous landfill or used for acid waste neutralisation.
Q12. What are the primary waste collection methods in india?
2. Control and regulate storage sites to reduce contamination20 Primary waste collection methods in India are variable and depend on the location.
Q13. What is the emission limit for heavy metals at Shalivahana?
There is also a lack of heavy metal emissions monitoring at the plants in India; heavy metal emission limits specified by the WID are in the region of 0.05-0.5 mg/m3.
Q14. How much is the waste collected from the dumpsite?
Receive gate fee that correlates to the £85/t landfill tax ofO pera tiona l Staff80 staff plus staff at dumping ground - 80 full time staff and 120 part time workers - 70 staff Deliveries MSW collected from 3 dumpsites used by 12 local municipalities Have RDF processing plants at these 3 dumpsites Feedstocks include: 10% Coal, 5% Cotton stalk, saw dust, etc. 40% Rice husk, 35% MSW, 10% RDF MSW delivered by Pune Municipal Corporation Waste is collected for free from New Delhi Municipal Corporation (NDMC), but the plant operators have to pay for the logistics.
Q15. What is the impact of the introduction of the MSW management rules in India?
Although attempts to improve MSW management in India have been made (e.g. the introduction in 2000 of the MSW Management and Handling Rules), Indian cities are still unable to comply with regulations, and the situation is being exacerbated by rapid urbanisation and population growth (Talyan et al., 2008).
Q16. What is the main problem of the case study plants in India?
the group discussion sessions and evaluations of the case study plants highlighted that contamination of MSW, once it has left its source, is also a major problem in India.
Q17. What is the main challenge regarding waste-to-energy in india?
18 The survey results were interesting as they suggested that both industry and government stakeholders perceived the major challenge regarding waste-to-energy in India to be the lack of source segregation and public participation.
Q18. How many participants believed that new technologies needed to be developed to effectively process India’s variable and?
Eight participants believed that new technologies needed to be developed that could effectively process India’s variable and high moisture and inert content waste.
Q19. What are the main issues that have prevented their greater deployment in India?
There is a pressing need in India to make waste-to-energy projects more viable, and this study identified some of the main issues and barriers that have prevented their greater deployment21 in India.
Q20. What is the fastest growing market for waste-to-energy in India?
The World Energy Council (2013) reported that the Asia-Pacific region is the fastest growing market (in terms of market size) for waste-to-energy (WtE) and that this is due to developments in China and India.