Evaluating signatures of glacial refugia for north atlantic benthic marine taxa
Christine A. Maggs,Rita Castilho,David W. Foltz,Christy Henzler,Marc Taïmour Jolly,John M. Kelly,Jeanine L. Olsen,Kathryn E. Perez,Wytze T. Stam,Risto Väinölä,Frédérique Viard,John P. Wares +11 more
TLDR
It is argued that for marine organisms the genetic signatures of northern periglacial and southern refugia can be distinguished from one another, giving credence to recent climatic reconstructions with less extensive glaciation.Abstract:
A goal of phylogeography is to relate patterns of genetic differentiation to potential historical geographic isolating events. Quaternary glaciations, particularly the one culminating in the Last Glacial Maximum ;21 ka (thousands of years ago), greatly affected the distributions and population sizes of temperate marine species as their ranges retreated southward to escape ice sheets. Traditional genetic models of glacial refugia and routes of recolonization include these predictions: low genetic diversity in formerly glaciated areas, with a small number of alleles/haplotypes dominating disproportionately large areas, and high diversity including ''private'' alleles in glacial refugia. In the Northern Hemisphere, low diversity in the north and high diversity in the south are expected. This simple model does not account for the possibility of populations surviving in relatively small northern periglacial refugia. If these periglacial populations experienced extreme bottlenecks, they could have the low genetic diversity expected in recolonized areas with no refugia, but should have more endemic diversity (private alleles) than recently recolonized areas. This review examines evidence of putative glacial refugia for eight benthic marine taxa in the temperate North Atlantic. All data sets were reanalyzed to allow direct comparisons between geographic patterns of genetic diversity and distribution of particular clades and haplotypes including private alleles. We contend that for marine organisms the genetic signatures of northern periglacial and southern refugia can be distinguished from one another. There is evidence for several periglacial refugia in northern latitudes, giving credence to recent climatic reconstructions with less extensive glaciation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogeographic insights into cryptic glacial refugia.
Jim Provan,Keith Bennett +1 more
TL;DR: Many of the insights into the glacial histories of species in cryptic refugia gained through phylogeographic approaches are summarised.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogeography's past, present, and future: 10 years after Avise, 2000
Michael J. Hickerson,Bryan C. Carstens,Jeannine Cavender-Bares,Keith A. Crandall,Catherine H. Graham,Jerald B. Johnson,Leslie J. Rissler,Pedro F. Victoriano,Anne D. Yoder +8 more
TL;DR: The field of phylogeography as mentioned in this paper was originally proposed by Avise and colleagues, who integrated phylogenetics and popu- lation genetics for investigating the connection between micro- and macroevolutionary phenomena.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dispersal and gene flow in free-living marine nematodes
TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of priority effects, founder effects and genetic bottlenecks for population structuring between patches <1 km apart is discussed. And the authors discuss the presence of substantial cryptic diversity in marine nematodes, and end with highlighting future important steps to further unravel nematode evolution and diversity.
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Evidence for time dependency of molecular rate estimates
TL;DR: There has been mounting evidence that instantaneous mutation rates substantially exceed substitution rates, in a range of organisms (e.g., Denver et al., 2000; Howell et al. 2003; Howell and Holmes, 2001; Lambert and Lambert, 2002; Mao and Mao, 2006; Mumm and Parsons, 1997; Parsons et al.'s 1997; Santos et al, 2005).
Book ChapterDOI
Ocean sprawl: challenges and opportunities for biodiversity management in a changing world
Louise B. Firth,Antony M. Knights,Daniel Bridger,Alison J. Evans,Nova Mieszkowska,Pippa J. Moore,Nessa E. O'Connor,Emma V. Sheehan,Richard C. Thompson,Stephen J. Hawkins +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, small-scale engineering interventions can have a significant positive effect on the biodiversity of artificial structures, promoting more diverse and resilient communities on local scales, which can be applied to the design of multifunctional structures that provide a range of ecosystem services.
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