Journal ArticleDOI
Facultative Symbionts in Aphids and the Horizontal Transfer of Ecologically Important Traits
TLDR
Experiments on pea aphids have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability.Abstract:
Aphids engage in symbiotic associations with a diverse assemblage of heritable bacteria. In addition to their obligate nutrient-provisioning symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, aphids may also carry one or more facultative symbionts. Unlike obligate symbionts, facultative symbionts are not generally required for survival or reproduction and can invade novel hosts, based on both phylogenetic analyses and transfection experiments. Facultative symbionts are mutualistic in the context of various ecological interactions. Experiments on pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability. The protective symbiont, Hamiltonella defensa, has a dynamic genome, exhibiting evidence of recombination, phage-mediated gene uptake, and horizontal gene transfer and containing virulence and toxin-encoding genes. Although transmitted maternally with high fidelity, facultative symbionts occasionally move horizontally within and between species, resulting in the instantaneous acquisition of ecologically important traits, such as parasitoid defense.read more
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Posted ContentDOI
Intraspecific variation in immune gene expression and heritable symbiont density
TL;DR: This work highlights the immune system’s complex dual role in interacting with both beneficial and harmful microbes, and suggests more broadly that variation in insect immune responses plays a role in intraspecific variation in host-symbiont interactions.
Dissertation
Biotic challenges for extremophiles : reproductive interference and parasite specialization in Artemia
TL;DR: Dans cette etude, nous avons utilise le systeme biologique Artemia dans les salins d’Aigues-Mortes, France, pour etudier le caractere et l’evolution de plusieurs interactions interspecifiques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for hybrid breakdown in production of red carotenoids in the marine invertebrate Tigriopus californicus.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether the production of the red carotenoid pigment astaxanthin was compromised in hybrid copepods and if it was linked to mitochondrial metabolism and offspring development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fruit fly phylogeny imprints bacterial gut microbiota
Virginie Ravigné,Nathalie Becker,François Massol,Erwan Guichoux,Christophe Boury,Frédéric Mahé,Benoit Facon +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used a well-studied community of eight sympatric fruit fly species to test the contributions of fly phylogeny, fly specialization, and fly sampling environment on the composition and structure of bacterial gut microbiota.
Posted ContentDOI
Variation and diversification of the microbiome of Schlechtendalia chinensis on two alternate host plants
Haixia Wu,Xiaoming Chen,Hang Chen,Qin Lu,Weibin Ren,Zixiang Yang,Juan Liu,Xiai Shu Shao,Chao Wang,Kirst King-Jones,Ming-Shun Chen +10 more
TL;DR: Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed that bacteria from moss-residing aphids clustered differently from aphids collected from galls, and provid a foundation for future analyses on the roles of symbiotic bacteria in plant - aphid interactions in general and how gall-specific symbionts differ in this respect.
References
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Book
Parasitoids: Behavioral and Evolutionary Ecology
TL;DR: This book synthesizes the work of both schools of parasitoid biology and asks how a consideration of evolutionary biology can help to understand the behavior, ecology, and diversity of the approximately one to two million species of Parasitoids found on earth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomics and Evolution of Heritable Bacterial Symbionts
TL;DR: Insect heritable symbionts provide some of the extremes of cellular genomes, including the smallest and the fastest evolving, raising new questions about the limits of evolution of life.
Book
Evolution of sex determining mechanisms
TL;DR: Books, as a source that may involve the facts, opinion, literature, religion, and many others are the great friends to join with.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type III Secretion Machines: Bacterial Devices for Protein Delivery into Host Cells
Jorge E. Galán,Alan Collmer +1 more
TL;DR: Several Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria have evolved a complex protein secretion system termed type III to deliver bacterial effector proteins into host cells that then modulate host cellular functions.