Journal ArticleDOI
Facultative Symbionts in Aphids and the Horizontal Transfer of Ecologically Important Traits
TLDR
Experiments on pea aphids have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability.Abstract:
Aphids engage in symbiotic associations with a diverse assemblage of heritable bacteria. In addition to their obligate nutrient-provisioning symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, aphids may also carry one or more facultative symbionts. Unlike obligate symbionts, facultative symbionts are not generally required for survival or reproduction and can invade novel hosts, based on both phylogenetic analyses and transfection experiments. Facultative symbionts are mutualistic in the context of various ecological interactions. Experiments on pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability. The protective symbiont, Hamiltonella defensa, has a dynamic genome, exhibiting evidence of recombination, phage-mediated gene uptake, and horizontal gene transfer and containing virulence and toxin-encoding genes. Although transmitted maternally with high fidelity, facultative symbionts occasionally move horizontally within and between species, resulting in the instantaneous acquisition of ecologically important traits, such as parasitoid defense.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Do Secondary Bacterial Endosymbionts of Aphids Affect the Vector Specificity or Transmission Efficiency of Plant Viruses
Hussein Alkhedir,A. Habekuss,E. Schliephake,Ashraf Mohamed Ali Mashaly,Ashraf Mohamed Ali Mashaly,Stefan Vidal +5 more
TL;DR: It can be concluded that the secondary bacterial endosymbionts of Sitobion avenae clones may affect transmission efficiency of S. avenae but not their vectoring specificity, and in general the role of secondary bacteria in virus transmission is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Importance and Impact of Francisella-like Endosymbionts in Hyalomma Ticks in the Era of Climate Change
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss the growing importance of ticks associated with the genus Hyalomma, their associated tick-borne human and animal diseases in the era of climate change, as well as the role of the microbiome and the Francisella-like endosymbionts in their ecology.
Dissertation
Factors influencing the maintenance of a protective symbiont in the cow pea aphid, Aphis craccivora
Journal ArticleDOI
Psyllids, It's What's on the Inside That Counts: Community Cross Talk Facilitates Prophage Interactions.
TL;DR: An intriguing new twist of how a prophage of the bacterium “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” may have its lytic cycle suppressed partly because of a protein that is expressed by a cooccurring bacterium, Wolbachia is reported on.
DissertationDOI
Wolbachia- Host Interactions and the Implications to Insect Conservation and Management
TL;DR: This book presents a meta-analysis of the determinants of infectious disease in eight operation rooms and its effects on the immune systems of eight different types.
References
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Book
Parasitoids: Behavioral and Evolutionary Ecology
TL;DR: This book synthesizes the work of both schools of parasitoid biology and asks how a consideration of evolutionary biology can help to understand the behavior, ecology, and diversity of the approximately one to two million species of Parasitoids found on earth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomics and Evolution of Heritable Bacterial Symbionts
TL;DR: Insect heritable symbionts provide some of the extremes of cellular genomes, including the smallest and the fastest evolving, raising new questions about the limits of evolution of life.
Book
Evolution of sex determining mechanisms
TL;DR: Books, as a source that may involve the facts, opinion, literature, religion, and many others are the great friends to join with.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type III Secretion Machines: Bacterial Devices for Protein Delivery into Host Cells
Jorge E. Galán,Alan Collmer +1 more
TL;DR: Several Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria have evolved a complex protein secretion system termed type III to deliver bacterial effector proteins into host cells that then modulate host cellular functions.