Journal ArticleDOI
Facultative Symbionts in Aphids and the Horizontal Transfer of Ecologically Important Traits
TLDR
Experiments on pea aphids have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability.Abstract:
Aphids engage in symbiotic associations with a diverse assemblage of heritable bacteria. In addition to their obligate nutrient-provisioning symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, aphids may also carry one or more facultative symbionts. Unlike obligate symbionts, facultative symbionts are not generally required for survival or reproduction and can invade novel hosts, based on both phylogenetic analyses and transfection experiments. Facultative symbionts are mutualistic in the context of various ecological interactions. Experiments on pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) have demonstrated that facultative symbionts protect against entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoid wasps, ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat, and influence host plant suitability. The protective symbiont, Hamiltonella defensa, has a dynamic genome, exhibiting evidence of recombination, phage-mediated gene uptake, and horizontal gene transfer and containing virulence and toxin-encoding genes. Although transmitted maternally with high fidelity, facultative symbionts occasionally move horizontally within and between species, resulting in the instantaneous acquisition of ecologically important traits, such as parasitoid defense.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Instar- and host-associated differentiation of bacterial communities in the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata.
TL;DR: This study characterized the bacterial microbiota of the highly polyphagous Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, at different instars and when feeding on different host-plant species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molting-associated suppression of symbiont population and up-regulation of antimicrobial activity in the midgut symbiotic organ of the Riptortus-Burkholderia symbiosis.
Jiyeun Kate Kim,Sang Heum Han,Chan-Hee Kim,Yong Hun Jo,Ryo Futahashi,Yoshitomo Kikuchi,Takema Fukatsu,Bok Luel Lee +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the molting-associated up-regulation of antimicrobial activity in the symbiotic midgut represents a physiological mechanism of the host insect to regulate symbiosis, which is presumably for defending molting insects against injury and infection and/or for allocating symbiont-derived energy and resources to host molting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptome analyses of Bactericera cockerelli adults in response to “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” infection
TL;DR: This study is the first description of transcriptomic changes in an insect vector in response to infection with a naturally occurring bacterial plant pathogen, and provides new sequence and gene expression resources for functional genomics of potato psyllids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tale of the Huanglongbing Disease Pyramid in the Context of the Citrus Microbiome
TL;DR: This review focuses on the progress in understanding the Huanglongbing disease pyramid, and how the microbiome affects the HLB disease pyramid including the interaction between HLB and the citrus microbiome;The interaction between Liberibacters and psyllids; the interaction Between Liberibacter and gut microbiota in psyllid; and the effect of HLB on selected above- and belowground citrus pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial aggregates within tissues infect a diversity of corals throughout the Indo-Pacific
Thierry M. Work,Greta S. Aeby +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that CAMA in adult corals are facultative secondary symbionts that could play an important ecological role in some dominant coral genera in the Indo-Pacific.
References
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Book
Parasitoids: Behavioral and Evolutionary Ecology
TL;DR: This book synthesizes the work of both schools of parasitoid biology and asks how a consideration of evolutionary biology can help to understand the behavior, ecology, and diversity of the approximately one to two million species of Parasitoids found on earth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomics and Evolution of Heritable Bacterial Symbionts
TL;DR: Insect heritable symbionts provide some of the extremes of cellular genomes, including the smallest and the fastest evolving, raising new questions about the limits of evolution of life.
Book
Evolution of sex determining mechanisms
TL;DR: Books, as a source that may involve the facts, opinion, literature, religion, and many others are the great friends to join with.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type III Secretion Machines: Bacterial Devices for Protein Delivery into Host Cells
Jorge E. Galán,Alan Collmer +1 more
TL;DR: Several Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria have evolved a complex protein secretion system termed type III to deliver bacterial effector proteins into host cells that then modulate host cellular functions.