Journal ArticleDOI
Flapping-mode changes and aerodynamic mechanisms in miniature insects
Yu Zhu Lyu,Hao Jie Zhu,Mao Sun +2 more
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TLDR
The wing kinematics for miniature-insect species of different sizes are measured and the aerodynamic forces are computed to produce the required vertical force for flapping as larger insects.Abstract:
Miniature insects fly at very low Reynolds number (Re); low Re means large viscous effect. If flapping as larger insects, sufficient vertical force cannot be produced. We measure the wing kinematics for miniature-insect species of different sizes and compute the aerodynamic forces. The planar upstroke commonly used by larger insects changes to a U-shaped upstroke, which becomes deeper as size or Re decreases. For relatively large miniature insects, the U-shaped upstroke produces a larger vertical force than a planar upstroke by having a larger wing velocity and, for very small ones, the deep U-shaped upstroke produces a large transient drag directed upwards, providing the required vertical force.read more
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Insect-inspired, tailless, hover-capable flapping-wing robots: Recent progress, challenges, and future directions
Hoang Vu Phan,Hoon Cheol Park +1 more
TL;DR: The capability of free flight and flight endurance of the FWAVs, which are limited by current electronics and power technologies that severely constrain those vehicles using other driving actuators, rather than conventional electromagnetic motors, to freely take off, are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel flight style and light wings boost flight performance of tiny beetles
Sergey E. Farisenkov,Dmitry Kolomenskiy,Pyotr N. Petrov,Thomas Engels,Nadezhda A Lapina,Fritz-Olaf Lehmann,Ryo Onishi,Hao Li,Alexey A. Polilov +8 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors combine three-dimensional reconstructions of morphology and kinematics in one of the smallest insects, the beetle Paratuposa placentis (body length 395 μm), and show that this performance results from a reduced wing mass and a previously unknown type of wing motion cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aerodynamic forces and vortical structures of a flapping wing at very low Reynolds numbers
Yu Zhu Lyu,Hao Jie Zhu,Mao Sun +2 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Aerodynamic performance of a bristled wing of a very small insect
Dmitry Kolomenskiy,Dmitry Kolomenskiy,Sergey E. Farisenkov,Thomas Engels,Nadezhda Lapina,Pyotr N. Petrov,Fritz-Olaf Lehmann,Ryo Onishi,Hao Liu,Alexey A. Polilov +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the aerodynamic force generation capacity of the wing of a miniature beetle Paratuposa placentis using a combined experimental and numerical approach, and found that, in the considered biologically relevant regimes, the bristled wing functions as a less than 50% leaky paddle, and it produces between 66 and 96% of aerodynamic drag force of an equivalent membrane wing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aerodynamic interaction of bristled wing pairs in fling
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the wing-wing interaction of bristled wings in fling at Re = 10 as a function of initial inter-wing spacing (δ) and degree of overlap between rotation and linear translation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the enhanced aerodynamic performance of insects results from an interaction of three distinct yet interactive mechanisms: delayed stall, rotational circulation, and wake capture.
Wing rotation and the aerodynamic basis of insect flight
TL;DR: A comprehensive theory incorporating both translational and rotational mechanisms may explain the diverse patterns of wing motion displayed by different species of insects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leading-edge vortices in insect flight
Charles P. Ellington,Coen van den Berg,Coen van den Berg,Alexander P. Willmott,Adrian L. R. Thomas,Adrian L. R. Thomas +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors visualized the airflow around the wings of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta and a 'hovering' large mechanical model, and found an intense leading-edge vortex was found on the downstroke, of sufficient strength to explain the high-lift forces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quick Estimates of Flight Fitness in Hovering Animals, Including Novel Mechanisms for Lift Production
TL;DR: In this article, the average lift coefficient, Reynolds number, the aerodynamic power, the moment of inertia of the wing mass and the dynamic efficiency in animals which perform normal hovering with horizontally beating wings are derived.
Journal ArticleDOI
The aerodynamics of insect flight
TL;DR: The basic physical principles underlying flapping flight in insects, results of recent experiments concerning the aerodynamics of insect flight, as well as the different approaches used to model these phenomena are reviewed.