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Geochemical Processes: Water and Sediment Environments

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TLDR
The approach of this book to geochemistry can be summarized in the question: What happens, and how fast does it happen, when waters, solids, and gases interact in the earth's surface environment? The environment of the earths surface is made of solids and fluids, and the interactions among them are responsible for much of what is taking place in the physical world around us as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
The approach of this book to geochemistry can be summarized in the question: What happens, and how fast does it happen, when waters, solids, and gases interact in the earths surface environment? The environment of the earths surface is made of solids and fluids, and theinteractions among them are responsible for much of what is taking place in the physical world around us. The dissolved load of natural waters and the materials of which sediments are made are the products of reactions taking place practically everywhere on land, in the atmosphere, and in the hydrosphere. Thus the term water and sediment environments applies effectivelly to much of the surface environment of the earth, including the zone of up to a few kilometers above and below the land and ocean surface. Evolution present itself to us as a more or less complex variety of processes-geological, physical, chemical, and biological. To this end, the inclusive title Geochemical Processes was chosen for the book, to introduce a text that emphasizes processes and time-dependent phenomena.

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Book ChapterDOI

Formation and Diagenesis of Carbonate Sediments

TL;DR: The first edition of this chapter provided a brief review of the geochemistry of carbonate minerals, summarized general aspects of their thermodynamics and the kinetics of their precipitation and dissolution, and then used the natural division between deep-sea marine carbonates (chalks and pelagic muds) versus shoal-water carbonates to organize details of the formation, distribution, and subsequent diagenetic alteration of these phases as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI

Determining Biogenic Silica in Marine Samples by Tracking Silicate and Aluminium Concentrations in Alkaline Leaching Solutions

TL;DR: In this article, an alkaline leaching technique was introduced for the simultaneous analysis of biogenic silica and aluminium in sediments, and four different models each describing the dissolution curves, but of increasing complexity, were applied and for each different type of sample the optimum model was selected on the basis of F-test statistics.
Journal ArticleDOI

Iceberg-hosted nanoparticulate Fe in the Southern Ocean: Mineralogy, origin, dissolution kinetics and source of bioavailable Fe

TL;DR: In this article, a first-order kinetic model is presented to examine the rates at which bioavailable Fe can be supplied by melting icebergs in the Weddell Sea, and the model utilizes rate constants from the literature for the processes which solubilise Fe from nanoparticulate ferrihydrite (dissolution, photochemical reduction and grazing) and the processes that remove Fe nanopartics (sinking, scavenging and incorporation in faecal material), and render them less reactive (transformation, aging).
Journal ArticleDOI

Chemistry and mineralogy of Precambrian paleosols at the base of the Dominion and Pongola Groups (Transvaal, South Africa)

TL;DR: This article studied alteration zones found between sedimentary rocks of the (lowest Proterozoic) Dominion and (Archean) Pongola groups and underlying granitic rocks (Transvaal, South Africa).
Journal ArticleDOI

Simultaneous nitrate and oxygen respiration in coastal sediments: Evidence for discrete diagenesis

TL;DR: Brandesl et al. as mentioned in this paper used a whole core squeezing apparatus to determine oxygen and nitrate porewater profiles from sediments of Puget Sound, the Washington continental margin, and the Chukchi Sea.
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