Global patterns of genetic variation in plant species along vertical and horizontal gradients on mountains
Takafumi Ohsawa,Yuji Ide +1 more
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Findings suggest that zoning by altitudes or ridges would be helpful for the conservation of tree populations with the onset of global warming and highlight the importance of phenotypic examinations in detecting altitudinal differences.Abstract:
Aim To understand global patterns of genetic variation in plant species on mountains and to consider the significance of mountains for the genetic structure and evolution of plant species. Location Global. Methods We review published studies. Results Genetic diversity within populations can vary along altitudinal gradients in one of four patterns. Eleven of 42 cited studies (26% of the total) found that populations at intermediate altitudes have greater diversity than populations at lower and higher altitudes. This is because the geographically central populations are under optimal environmental conditions, whereas the peripheral populations are in suboptimal situations. The second pattern, indicating that higher populations have less diversity than lower populations, was found in eight studies (19%). The third pattern, indicating that lower populations have lower diversity than higher populations, was found in 10 studies (24%). In 12 studies (29%), the intrapopulation genetic variation was found to be unaffected by altitude. Evidence of altitudinal differentiation was found in more than half of these studies, based on measurements of a range of variables including genome size, number of chromosomes or a range of loci using molecular markers. Furthermore, great variation has been found in phenotypes among populations at different altitudes in situ and in common garden experiments, even in cases where there was no associated variation in molecular composition. Mountains can be genetic barriers for species that are distributed at low elevations, but they can also provide pathways for species that occupy high-elevation habitats. [Correction added after publication 9 October 2007: ‘less diversity’ changed to ‘greater diversity’ in the second sentence of the Results section of the Abstract]. Main conclusions Genetic diversity within populations can vary along altitudinal gradients as a result of several factors. The results highlight the importance of phenotypic examinations in detecting altitudinal differences. The influence of mountain ridges on genetic differentiation varies depending, inter alia , on the elevation at which the species occurs. Based on these findings, zoning by altitudes or ridges would be helpful for the conservation of tree populations with the onset of global warming.read more
Citations
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Estimating contemporary pollen-flow and associated outbreeding effects on herbaceous plant populations along altitudinal gradients
TL;DR: This chapter discusses pollen dispersal in an experimental population and genetic variation across altitude, as well as plant variation along elevational gradients.
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Isolation and cross-amplification of the first set of polymorphic microsatellite markers of two high-Andean cushion plants.
Ian S. Acuña-Rodríguez,Nicolas Gouin,Leonardo Cifuentes-Lisboa,Francisco A. Squeo,Francisco A. Squeo +4 more
TL;DR: In a region which is particularly vulnerable to global change trends, this new polymorphic microsatellite loci will be useful in the study of the genetic diversity of these high-mountain cushion plants, which are pivotal in the structuring of their native ecosystems.
Dissertation
Variations altitudinales de traits fonctionnels foliaires chez les arbres : déterminismes environnemental et génétique
TL;DR: Les resultats de notre etude montrent que le gradient altitudinal a induit une differenciation genetique au niveau of the croissance, de the phenologie et de traits fonctionnels foliaires pour ces especes, malgre the proximite des populations etudiees dans leur milieu naturel.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Moses C. Wambulwa,Ya-Huang Luo,Guang Fu Zhu,Richard I. Milne,Francis N. Wachira,Zeng-Yuan Wu,Hong Bin Wang,Lian Gao,De‐Zhu Li,Jie Liu +9 more
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Héctor Viveros-Viveros,Blanca L. Tapia-Olivares,Cuauhtémoc Sáenz-Romero,J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández,Amalio Santacruz-Varela,Gustavo Ramírez-Valverde,Colonia Benito Juárez +6 more
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