Journal ArticleDOI
Hierarchical Action and Inhibition of Plant Dicer-Like Proteins in Antiviral Defense
Angélique Deleris,Javier Gallego-Bartolomé,Jinsong Bao,Kristin D. Kasschau,James C. Carrington,Olivier Voinnet +5 more
TLDR
It is shown that virus-derived small RNAs produced by Arabidopsis Dicer-like 4 (DCL4) program an effector complex conferring antiviral immunity, defining a molecular framework for studying antiviral silencing and defense in plants.Abstract:
The mechanisms underlying induction and suppression of RNA silencing in the ongoing plant-virus arms race are poorly understood. We show here that virus-derived small RNAs produced by Arabidopsis Dicer-like 4 (DCL4) program an effector complex conferring antiviral immunity. Inhibition of DCL4 by a viral-encoded suppressor revealed the subordinate antiviral activity of DCL2. Accordingly, inactivating both DCL2 and DCL4 was necessary and sufficient to restore systemic infection of a suppressor-deficient virus. The effects of DCL2 were overcome by increasing viral dosage in inoculated leaves, but this could not surmount additional, non-cell autonomous effects of DCL4 specifically preventing viral unloading from the vasculature. These findings define a molecular framework for studying antiviral silencing and defense in plants.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Small silencing RNAs: an expanding universe
TL;DR: Since the discovery in 1993 of the first small silencing RNA, a dizzying number of small RNA classes have been identified, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiviral Immunity Directed by Small RNAs
Shou-Wei Ding,Olivier Voinnet +1 more
TL;DR: The proteins required for viRNA production as well as several key downstream components of the antiviral immunity pathway have been identified in plants, flies, and worms, illuminating an ongoing molecular arms race that likely impacts the evolution of both viral and host genomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Small RNAs and Their Roles in Plant Development
TL;DR: The biogenesis and function of three major classes of endogenous small RNAs in plants: microRNAs, trans-acting si RNAs, and heterochromatic siRNAs are reviewed, with an emphasis on the roles of these smallRNAs in developmental regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Widespread dynamic DNA methylation in response to biotic stress
Robert H. Dowen,Mattia Pelizzola,Robert J. Schmitz,Ryan Lister,Jill M. Dowen,Joseph R. Nery,Jack E. Dixon,Joseph R. Ecker +7 more
TL;DR: An unexpected role for DNA methylation is reported in regulation of the Arabidopsis thaliana immune system and changes within repetitive sequences or transposons can regulate neighboring genes in response to SA stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biogenesis, Turnover, and Mode of Action of Plant MicroRNAs
Kestrel Rogers,Xuemei Chen +1 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms of miRNA target silencing in plants are no longer limited to AGO-catalyzed slicing, and the contribution of translational inhibition is increasingly appreciated.
References
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MicroRNAs: Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function
TL;DR: Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-coding genes.
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Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference
TL;DR: Dicer is a member of the RNase III family of nucleases that specifically cleave double-stranded RNAs, and is evolutionarily conserved in worms, flies, plants, fungi and mammals, and has a distinctive structure, which includes a helicase domain and dualRNase III motifs.
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A species of small antisense RNA in posttranscriptional gene silencing in plants.
TL;DR: The 25-nucleotide antisense RNA detected in transgene-induced PTGS is likely synthesized from an RNA template and may represent the specificity determinant of PTGS.
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RNA silencing in plants
TL;DR: Diverse biological roles of these pathways have been established, including defence against viruses, regulation of gene expression and the condensation of chromatin into heterochromatin, and the full extent of this functional diversity in genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of genome control is investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic and Functional Diversification of Small RNA Pathways in Plants
Zhixin Xie,Lisa K. Johansen,Adam M. Gustafson,Kristin D. Kasschau,Andrew D Lellis,Daniel Zilberman,Steven E. Jacobsen,James C. Carrington +7 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that proliferation and diversification of DCL and RDR genes during evolution of plants contributed to specialization of small RNA-directed pathways for development, chromatin structure, and defense.