Journal ArticleDOI
Improving the properties of titanium nitride by incorporation of silicon
TLDR
In this paper, thin films of Ti-Si-N have been deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) with the intention to improve the wear resistance of TiN coatings, and they were prepared by reactive unbalanced magnetron sputtering using two separate Ti and Si targets and a rotating substrate holder.Abstract:
Thin films of Ti–Si–N have been deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) with the intention to improve the wear resistance of TiN coatings. The coatings are prepared by reactive unbalanced magnetron sputtering using two separate Ti and Si targets and a rotating substrate holder. The silicon concentration in the deposited films varies between 0 and 15 at.%. SEM observations and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) show that the addition of Si to TiN coatings transforms the [111] oriented columnar structure into a dense finely grained structure. From TEM investigations and XRD analyses, the crystallite sizes of TiN are observed to be below 20 nm. XPS analysis shows the presence of silicon nitride, while electron and X-ray diffraction results do not suggest the presence of crystalline Si3N4. This result clearly indicates that these films have a composite structure consisting of TiN nanocrystallites embedded in amorphous silicon nitride. The hardness of the nc-TiN/a-SiNx coatings reaches 3500 HV0.1. The abrasion resistance measured by ball cratering can be enhanced by a factor of 6 in comparison with TiN deposited under the same conditions.read more
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The search for novel, superhard materials
TL;DR: The recent development in the field of superhard materials with Vickers hardness of ⩾40 GPa is reviewed in this article, where two basic approaches are outlined including the intrinsic superhard material, such as diamond, cubic boron nitride, C3N4, carbonitrides, etc. and extrinsic, nanostructured materials for which superhardness is achieved by an appropriate design of their microstructure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hard and superhard nanocomposite coatings
TL;DR: In this article, the development of hard coatings from a titanium nitride film through superlattice coatings to nanocomposite coatings is reviewed, and significant attention is devoted to hard and superhard single layer nano-coating.
Journal ArticleDOI
Different approaches to superhard coatings and nanocomposites
TL;DR: In this paper, different approaches to the preparation of superhard coatings such as intrinsically superhard materials, coatings whose hardness is enhanced by energetic ion bombardment during deposition, and nanostructured super-hard materials are discussed with the emphasis on the question of how to distinguish between the different mechanisms of hardness enhancement in thin coatings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Industrial applications of superhard nanocomposite coatings
TL;DR: In this paper, the development and industrialization of superhard and tough nanocomposite coatings is summarized and documented by selected illustrative examples, which can significantly increase the lifetime and cutting speed of machining operations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure-performance relations in nanocomposite coatings
TL;DR: In this paper, a zone model is proposed which correlates the hardness of hard nanocomposite coatings to the relative phase content, and the hardness peaks at the common minimum of the grain size of the crystalline phase and the grain separation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram
G.K Williamson,W.H Hall +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a Geiger counter spectrometer to measure the changes in intensity distribution in the spectra of cold worked aluminium and wolfram and found that the line breadths may be attributed to simultaneous small particle size and strain broadening, the latter predominating at the higher Bragg angles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Titanium aluminum nitride films: A new alternative to TiN coatings
TL;DR: In this paper, the incorporation of Al into the nitride films improves the oxidation resistance as well as the cutting performances of TiAlN coated drills, and they have been tested with two different steels and performed better by a factor >2 compared with TiN coated drill.
Journal ArticleDOI
Superhard nanocrystalline composite materials: The TiN/Si3N4 system
S. Vepřek,S. Reiprich,Li Shizhi +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, thin films of novel superhard composite materials consisting of TiN nanocrystals in an amorphous Si3N4 matrix have been prepared by means of plasma chemical vapor deposition.
Journal ArticleDOI
A micro-abrasive wear test, with particular application to coated systems
K.L. Rutherford,Ian M. Hutchings +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a test methodology is described which permits a rotating sphere test, also used to measure coating thickness, to be used as a small-scale abrasive wear test.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidation kinetics of TiN thin films
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the oxidation kinetics of thin TiN thin films in dry O2 in view of a possible application of TiN as material for gate electrodes and interconnections in large-scale integrated circuits.
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