Journal ArticleDOI
Industrial biocatalysis today and tomorrow
TLDR
Biocatalytic processes can now be carried out in organic solvents as well as aqueous environments, so that apolar organic compounds aswell as water-soluble compounds can be modified selectively and efficiently with enzymes and bioc atalytically active cells.Abstract:
The use of biocatalysis for industrial synthetic chemistry is on the verge of significant growth. Biocatalytic processes can now be carried out in organic solvents as well as aqueous environments, so that apolar organic compounds as well as water-soluble compounds can be modified selectively and efficiently with enzymes and biocatalytically active cells. As the use of biocatalysis for industrial chemical synthesis becomes easier, several chemical companies have begun to increase significantly the number and sophistication of the biocatalytic processes used in their synthesis operations.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Engineering the third wave of biocatalysis
Uwe T. Bornscheuer,Gjalt W. Huisman,Romas J. Kazlauskas,Romas J. Kazlauskas,Stefan Lutz,Jeffrey C. Moore,Karen Robins +6 more
TL;DR: Applications of protein-engineered biocatalysts ranging from commodity chemicals to advanced pharmaceutical intermediates that use enzyme catalysis as a key step are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enzyme immobilization: The quest for optimum performance
TL;DR: Different methods for the immobilization of enzymes are critically reviewed, with emphasis on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports, e.g., mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, novel entrapment methods and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Metal–organic framework composites
Qi-Long Zhu,Qiang Xu +1 more
TL;DR: This review provides an overview of the significant advances in the development of diverse MOF composites reported till now with special emphases on the synergistic effects and applications of the composites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biocatalysis in ionic liquids
TL;DR: Roger Sheldon developed the concepts of E factors and atom utilization for assessing the environmental impact of chemical processes, particularly in relation to fine chemicals production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modifying enzyme activity and selectivity by immobilization.
Rafael C. Rodrigues,Claudia Ortiz,Ángel Berenguer-Murcia,Rodrigo Torres,Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente +4 more
TL;DR: In this tutorial review, some of the main reasons that may produce an improvement in enzyme activity, specificity or selectivity, either real or apparent, due to immobilization are listed.
References
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Rapid evolution of a protein in vitro by DNA shuffling.
TL;DR: It is reported here that selected mutants had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 640 μg ml-1, a 32,000-fold increase and 64-fold greater than any published TEM-1 derived enzyme.
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DNA shuffling by random fragmentation and reassembly: in vitro recombination for molecular evolution.
TL;DR: A method for the reassembly of genes from their random DNA fragments, resulting in in vitro recombination is reported, and mixtures of synthetic oligonucleotides and PCR fragments can be mixed into a gene at defined positions based on homology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rules for optimization of biocatalysis in organic solvents
TL;DR: General rules for the optimization of different biocatalytic systems in various types of media containing organic solvents are derived by combining data from the literature, and the logarithm of the partition coefficient, log P, as a quantitative measure of solvent polarity.