Journal ArticleDOI
Intensifying drought eliminates the expected benefits of elevated carbon dioxide for soybean.
Sharon B. Gray,Orla Dermody,Stephanie P. Klein,Anna M. Locke,Justin M. McGrath,Rachel E. Paul,David M. Rosenthal,Ursula M. Ruiz-Vera,Matthew H. Siebers,Reid S. Strellner,Elizabeth A. Ainsworth,Elizabeth A. Ainsworth,Carl J. Bernacchi,Carl J. Bernacchi,Stephen P. Long,Donald R. Ort,Donald R. Ort,Andrew D. B. Leakey +17 more
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TLDR
This eight-year study used precipitation manipulation and year-to-year variation in weather conditions at a unique open-air field facility to show that the stimulation of soybean yield by elevated [CO2] diminished to zero as drought intensified.Abstract:
Stimulation of C3 crop yield by rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide ([CO2]) is widely expected to counteract crop losses that are due to greater drought this century. But these expectations come from sparse field trials that have been biased towards mesic growth conditions. This eight-year study used precipitation manipulation and year-to-year variation in weather conditions at a unique open-air field facility to show that the stimulation of soybean yield by elevated [CO2] diminished to zero as drought intensified. Contrary to the prevalent expectation in the literature, rising [CO2] did not counteract the effect of strong drought on photosynthesis and yield because elevated [CO2] interacted with drought to modify stomatal function and canopy energy balance. This new insight from field experimentation under hot and dry conditions, which will become increasingly prevalent in the coming decades, highlights the likelihood of negative impacts from interacting global change factors on a key global commodity crop in its primary region of production.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics, drivers and feedbacks of global greening
Shilong Piao,Shilong Piao,Xuhui Wang,Taejin Park,Taejin Park,Chi Chen,Xu Lian,Yue He,Jarle W. Bjerke,Anping Chen,Philippe Ciais,Philippe Ciais,Hans Tømmervik,Ramakrishna R. Nemani,Ranga B. Myneni +14 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the detection of the greening signal, its causes and its consequences, and showed that greening is pronounced over intensively farmed or afforested areas, such as in China and India, reflecting human activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant carbon metabolism and climate change: elevated CO2 and temperature impacts on photosynthesis, photorespiration and respiration.
TL;DR: This work reviews how photosynthesis, photorespiration and respiration are affected by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate warming, both separately and in combination and highlights the need to study these physiological processes together to better predict how vegetation carbon metabolism will respond to climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heat and Drought Stresses in Crops and Approaches for Their Mitigation.
TL;DR: Recent progress in key areas relevant to plant drought and heat tolerance are presented and an overview and implications of physiological, biochemical and genetic aspects in the context of heat and drought are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant developmental responses to climate change
Sharon B. Gray,Siobhan M. Brady +1 more
TL;DR: There is a need for further research regarding the molecular mechanisms of plant developmental responses to climate change factors in general, and that this lack of data is particularly prevalent in the case of interactive effects of multipleClimate change factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Warming, Climate Change, and Environmental Pollution: Recipe for a Multifactorial Stress Combination Disaster
TL;DR: For example, this article found that increasing the number of different co-occurring multifactorial stress factors causes a severe decline in plant growth and survival, as well as in the microbiome biodiversity that plants depend upon.
References
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Susan Solomon,Dahe Qin,Martin R. Manning,Melinda Marquis,Kristen Averyt,Melinda M.B. Tignor,H. L. Miller,Z. Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The first volume of the IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report as mentioned in this paper was published in 2007 and covers several topics including the extensive range of observations now available for the atmosphere and surface, changes in sea level, assesses the paleoclimatic perspective, climate change causes both natural and anthropogenic, and climate models for projections of global climate.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a summary of issues to assist policymakers, a technical summary, and a list of frequently-asked questions are presented, with an emphasis on physical science issues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and the gas exchange of leaves.
TL;DR: It was found that the response of the rate of CO2 Assimilation to irradiance, partial pressure of O2, p(O2), and temperature was different at low and high intercellular p(CO2), suggesting that CO2 assimilation rate is governed by different processes at lowand high inter cellular p (CO2).
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What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2.
TL;DR: The results from this review may provide the most plausible estimates of how plants in their native environments and field-grown crops will respond to rising atmospheric [CO(2)]; but even with FACE there are limitations, which are discussed.