Journal ArticleDOI
Io on the eve of the galileo mission
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Io, the innermost of Jupiter's large moons, is one of the most unusual objects in the Solar System as discussed by the authors, which produces a global heat flux 40 times the terrestrial value, producing intense volcanic activity and a global resurfacing rate averaging perhaps 1 cm yr−1.Abstract:
▪ Abstract Io, innermost of Jupiter's large moons, is one of the most unusual objects in the Solar System. Tidal heating of the interior produces a global heat flux 40 times the terrestrial value, producing intense volcanic activity and a global resurfacing rate averaging perhaps 1 cm yr−1. The volcanoes may erupt mostly silicate lavas, but the uppermost surface is dominated by sulfur compounds including SO2 frost. The volcanoes and frost support a thin, patchy SO2 atmosphere with peak pressure near 10−8 bars. Self-sustaining bombardment of the surface and atmosphere by Io-derived plasma trapped in Jupiter's magnetosphere causes escape of material from Io (predominantly sulfur, oxygen, and sodium atoms, ions, and molecules) at a rate of about 103 kg s−1. The resulting Jupiter-encircling torus of ionized sulfur and oxygen dominates the Jovian magnetosphere and, together with an extended cloud of neutral sodium, is readily observable from Earth.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
The Global Sulfur Cycle
TL;DR: Sulfur plays major biogeochemical roles but is also a pollutant most evident in acid rain this paper. Living organisms require sulfur, but the cycle shows some remarkable differences from the important cycle of nitrogen.
The atmospheres of Io and other satellites
S. Kumar,D. M. Hunten +1 more
TL;DR: Voyager measurements of gaseous SO2 in a hot spot region and of ions of sulfur, oxygen, and SO2(+) in the plasma torus, combined with ground-based measurements of SO2 frost on the surface, indicate that SO2 is perhaps the dominant constituent of Io's atmosphere as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Io's volcanic control of Jupiter's extended neutral clouds
TL;DR: In this article, dramatic changes in the brightness and shape of Jupiter's extended sodium nebula are found to be correlated with the infrared emission brightness of Io, and they conclude that silicate volcanism on Io controls both the rate and the means by which sodium escapes from Io's atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal models for basaltic volcanism on Io
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a new model for the thermal emissions from active basaltic eruptions on Io, which is more applicable to pahoehoe flows and lava lakes than fountain-fed, channelized, 'a'a flows.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the excitation of Io's atmosphere by the photoelectrons: Application of the analytical yield spectral model of SO2
Anil Bhardwaj,M. Michael +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the analytical yield spectral model is applied to the calculation of photoelectron fluxes, excitation rates, and photo-electron-excited intensities of several neutral and ionized S and O UV emissions, and SO (240-265 nm) and SO2 (264-430) band emissions in the atmosphere of Io.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Extreme ultraviolet observations from Voyager 1 encounter with Jupiter
A. L. Broadfoot,M. J. S. Belton,P. Z. Takacs,Bill R. Sandel,Donald E. Shemansky,Jay B. Holberg,Joseph M. Ajello,Sushil K. Atreya,Thomas M. Donahue,H. W. Moos,Jean-Loup Bertaux,J. E. Blamont,Darrell F. Strobel,John C. McConnell,Alexander Dalgarno,Richard Goody,Michael B. McElroy +16 more
TL;DR: The observed resonance scattering of solar hydrogen Lyman α by the atmosphere of Jupiter and the solar occultation experiment suggest a hot thermosphere (≥ 1000 K) wvith a large atomic hydrogen abundance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Melting of Io by Tidal Dissipation
TL;DR: The dissipation of tidal energy in Jupiter's satellite Io is likely to have melted a major fraction of the mass, and consequences of a largely molten interior may be evident in pictures of Io's surface returned by Voyager I.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inertial limit on corotation
TL;DR: In this article, the inertial corotation lag is calculated as a function of radial distance in the magnetosphere, the solution being parameterized in terms of the Pedersen conductivity of the atmosphere and the rate at which plasma mass is produced and transported outward.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physics of the Jovian Magnetosphere
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the physics of magnetospheric radio emissions, plasma waves in the Jovian magnetosphere, theories of radio emissions and plasma waves, and magnetosphere models.