Journal ArticleDOI
Large termitaria act as refugia for tall trees, deadwood and cavity-using birds in a miombo woodland
Grant S. Joseph,Graeme S. Cumming,David H.M. Cumming,David H.M. Cumming,Zacheus Mahlangu,Res Altwegg,Colleen L. Seymour +6 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Large termitaria appear to play an important role in maintaining functionally important components of the avifauna in heavily impacted Miombo woodlands and contributed to the resilience of bird communities through high on-mound densities of trees with deadwood.Abstract:
Landscape heterogeneity can play an important role in providing refugia and sustaining biodiversity in disturbed landscapes. Large Macrotermes (Isoptera) termite mounds in miombo woodlands form nutrient rich islands that sustain a different suite of woody plant species relative to the woodland matrix. We investigated the role of termitaria in providing habitat for cavity-using birds in miombo woodlands that had been greatly impacted by elephants and fire, by comparing the availability of habitat favored by cavity-using birds (tall trees, trees with deadwood, and cavities) on and off mounds, and then testing its effect on species richness and abundance of cavity-using birds. We surveyed 48 termitaria paired with 48 woodland matrix sites in the breeding season; and 54 matrix-termitarium pairs in the non-breeding season in Chizarira National Park, Zimbabwe. Generalized linear mixed-effects models showed that termitaria harboured significantly higher densities (ha−1) of habitat components considered important for cavity nesting birds. Density of trees >6 m in height and incidence of trees with deadwood was nearly 10 times greater on mounds than in the matrix, and the density of cavities was nine times higher on mounds compared to the matrix. A model selection procedure showed that termitaria provided refugia for cavity-using birds and contributed to the resilience of bird communities through high on-mound densities of trees with deadwood. Large termitaria thus appear to play an important role in maintaining functionally important components of the avifauna in heavily impacted Miombo woodlands.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental heterogeneity as a universal driver of species richness across taxa, biomes and spatial scales
TL;DR: This work provides the first quantitative support for the generality of positive heterogeneity-richness relationships across heterogeneity components, habitat types, taxa and spatial scales from landscape to global extents, and identifies specific needs for future comparative heterogeneity- richness research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding protected area resilience: a multi-scale, social-ecological approach
Graeme S. Cumming,Craig R. Allen,Natalie C. Ban,Duan Biggs,Harry Biggs,David H.M. Cumming,Alta De Vos,Graham Epstein,Michel Etienne,Kristine Maciejewski,Raphaël Mathevet,Christine Moore,Mateja Nenadovic,Michael Schoon +13 more
TL;DR: The analysis suggests that while ecological, economic, and social processes are often directly relevant to PAs at finer scales, at broader scales, the dominant processes that shape and alter PA resilience are primarily social and economic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystem engineering effects on species diversity across ecosystems: a meta-analysis.
TL;DR: This study is the first attempt to build an integrative framework of engineering effects on species diversity; it highlights the importance of considering latitude, habitat, engineering functional group, taxon and persistence of their effects in future theoretical and empirical studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Do the large termite mounds of Macrotermes concentrate micronutrients in addition to macronutrients in nutrient-poor African savannas?
Colleen L. Seymour,Antoni V. Milewski,Anthony Mills,Grant S. Joseph,Graeme S. Cumming,David H.M. Cumming,David H.M. Cumming,Zacheus Mahlangu +7 more
TL;DR: All macro- and micronutrients save ammonium, extractable P, Zn and Se were enriched in large mounds relative to matrix soils, but none was significantly enriched in incipient mounds, suggesting that the full nutritional value of mounds is only expressed inLarge mounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Termite mounds as islands: woody plant assemblages relative to termitarium size and soil properties
Grant S. Joseph,Colleen L. Seymour,Graeme S. Cumming,David H.M. Cumming,David H.M. Cumming,Zacheus Mahlangu +5 more
TL;DR: Through termite activities in concentrating nutrients and clay, termitaria provide habitat for species usually excluded from the matrix, and seem to establish a positive feedback for establishment of other non-woodland matrix species.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Regression and time series model selection in small samples
TL;DR: In this article, a bias correction to the Akaike information criterion, called AICC, is derived for regression and autoregressive time series models, which is of particular use when the sample size is small, or when the number of fitted parameters is a moderate to large fraction of the sample sample size.
Book ChapterDOI
Organisms as ecosystem engineers
TL;DR: The role that many organisms play in the creation, modification and maintenance of habitats does not involve direct trophic interactions between species, but they are nevertheless important and common.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimating Terrestrial Biodiversity through Extrapolation
TL;DR: The importance of using 'reference' sites to assess the true richness and composition of species assemblages, to measure ecologically significant ratios between unrelated taxa, toMeasure taxon/sub-taxon (hierarchical) ratios, and to 'calibrate' standardized sampling methods is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inbreeding effects in wild populations.
Lukas F. Keller,Donald M. Waller +1 more
TL;DR: This work reveals that levels of inbreeding depression vary across taxa, populations and environments, but are usually substantial enough to affect both individual and population performance.
Related Papers (5)
Mound building termites contribute to savanna vegetation heterogeneity
Termitaria as browsing hotspots for African megaherbivores in miombo woodland
John P. Loveridge,Stein R. Moe +1 more