Laser mass spectrometric detection of extraterrestrial aromatic molecules: Mini-review and examination of pulsed heating effects
TLDR
In this paper, the effect of heating caused by hypervelocity particle capture in aerogel, which was used on the NASA Stardust Mission to capture comet particles, was investigated.Abstract:
Laser mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the sensitive, selective, and spatially resolved analysis of organic compounds in extraterrestrial materials Using microprobe two-step laser mass spectrometry (μL2MS), we have explored the organic composition of many different exogenous materials, including meteorites, interplanetary dust particles, and interstellar ice analogs, gaining significant insight into the nature of extraterrestrial materials Recently, we applied μL2MS to analyze the effect of heating caused by hypervelocity particle capture in aerogel, which was used on the NASA Stardust Mission to capture comet particles We show that this material exhibits complex organic molecules upon sudden heating Similar pulsed heating of carbonaceous materials is shown to produce an artifactual fullerene signal We review the use of μL2MS to investigate extraterrestrial materials, and we discuss its recent application to characterize the effect of pulsed heating on samples of interestread more
Citations
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Soot Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer: Development, Validation, and Initial Application
Timothy B. Onasch,A. Trimborn,Edward C. Fortner,J. T. Jayne,Gregory L. Kok,Leah R. Williams,Paul Davidovits,D. R. Worsnop +7 more
TL;DR: The Soot Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SP-AMS) as discussed by the authors was developed to measure the chemical and physical properties of particles containing refractory black carbon (rBC).
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Low temperature formation of naphthalene and its role in the synthesis of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in the interstellar medium
Dorian S. N. Parker,Fangtong Zhang,Y. S. Kim,Ralf I. Kaiser,Alexander Landera,Vadim V. Kislov,Alexander M. Mebel,Alexander G. G. M. Tielens +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that naphthalene can be formed in the gas phase via a barrierless and exoergic reaction between the phenyl radical (C6H5) and vinylacetylene (CH2 = CH-C ≡ CH) involving a van-der-Waals complex and submerged barrier in the entrance channel.
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Hydrogen abstraction/acetylene addition revealed.
TL;DR: By probing the phenylacetylene intermediate together with naphthalene under combustion-like conditions by photo-ionization mass spectrometry, the very first direct experimental evidence for the validity of the HACA mechanism which so far had only been speculated theoretically is reported.
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Formation Mechanisms of Naphthalene and Indene: From the Interstellar Medium to Combustion Flames
TL;DR: The article addresses the formation mechanisms of naphthalene and indene, which represent prototype polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) carrying two six-membered and one five- plus a six- Membered ring, and new theoretical results for rate constants and product branching ratios for the reaction of phenyl radical with vinylacetylene are illustrated.
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Reaction dynamics in astrochemistry: low-temperature pathways to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the interstellar medium.
TL;DR: Investigations suggest that in the hydrocarbon reactant, the vinyl-type group must be in conjugation with a -C≡CH or -HC=CH2 group to form a resonantly stabilized free radical intermediate, which eventually isomerizes to a cyclic intermediate followed by hydrogen loss and aromatization (PAH formation).
References
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