Loss of connectivity in Alzheimer's disease: an evaluation of white matter tract integrity with colour coded MR diffusion tensor imaging
Stephen E. Rose,Fang Chen,Jonathan B. Chalk,Fernando Zelaya,Wendy Strugnell,Mark Benson,James Semple,David M. Doddrell +7 more
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TLDR
Patients with probable Alzheimer's disease showed a highly significant reduction in the integrity of the association white matter fibre tracts, such as the splenium of the corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cingulum, compared with normal controls.Abstract:
A novel MRI method-diffusion tensor imaging-was used to compare the integrity of several white matter fibre tracts in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. Relative to normal controls, patients with probable Alzheimer's disease showed a highly significant reduction in the integrity of the association white matter fibre tracts, such as the splenium of the corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cingulum. By contrast, pyramidal tract integrity seemed unchanged. This novel finding is consistent with the clinical presentation of probable Alzheimer's disease, in which global cognitive decline is a more prominent feature than motor disturbance.read more
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Axonopathy and transport deficits early in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Gorazd B. Stokin,Concepción Lillo,Tomás L. Falzone,Richard G. Brusch,Edward Rockenstein,Stephanie L. Mount,Rema Raman,Peter Davies,Eliezer Masliah,David S. Williams,Lawrence S.B. Goldstein +10 more
TL;DR: Reductions in microtubule-dependent transport may stimulate proteolytic processing of β-amyloid precursor protein, resulting in the development of senile plaques and Alzheimer's disease.
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White matter in learning, cognition and psychiatric disorders.
TL;DR: Previously of interest in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, myelin is attracting new interest as an unexpected contributor to a wide range of psychiatric disorders, including depression and schizophrenia, stimulating research into myelin involvement in normal cognitive function, learning and IQ.
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Segmentation of Subcomponents within the Superior Longitudinal Fascicle in Humans: A Quantitative, In Vivo, DT-MRI Study
Nikos Makris,David N. Kennedy,Sean C. McInerney,A. Gregory Sorensen,Ruopeng Wang,Verne S. Caviness,Deepak N. Pandya +6 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the four subcomponents observed in non-human primates can also be found in the human brain using in vivo diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) is evaluated and it is demonstrated that thefour subdivisions could indeed be identified and segmented in humans.
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Alzheimer disease: epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and biomarkers.
Christiane Reitz,Richard Mayeux +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the epidemiology of AD is provided, the biomarkers that may be used for risk assessment and in diagnosis are reviewed, and suggestions for future research are given.
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Structural insights into aberrant topological patterns of large-scale cortical networks in Alzheimer's disease.
Yong He,Zhang Chen,Alan C. Evans +2 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the coordinated patterns of cortical morphology are widely altered in AD patients, thus providing structural evidence for disrupted integrity in large-scale brain networks that underlie cognition.
References
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“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease : report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
Guy M. McKhann,David A. Drachman,Marshall F. Folstein,Robert Katzman,Donald L. Price,Emanuel M. Stadlan +5 more
TL;DR: The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information becomes available.