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Molecular Transport in Liquids and Glasses
Morrel H. Cohen,David Turnbull +1 more
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In this paper, the authors derived a relation between the diffusion constant D in a liquid of hard spheres and the free volume vf, which is based on the concept that statistical redistribution of free volume occasionally opens up voids large enough for diffusive displacement.Abstract:
We have derived, by using simple considerations, a relation between the diffusion constant D in a liquid of hard spheres and the ``free volume'' vf. This derivation is based on the concept that statistical redistribution of the free volume occasionally opens up voids large enough for diffusive displacement. The relation is D=A exp[−γv*/vf], where v* is the minimum required volume of the void and A and γ are constants. This equation is of the same form as Doolittle's [J. Appl. Phys. 22, 1471 (1951)] empirical relation between the fluidity φ of simple hydrocarbons and their free volume. It has been shown [Williams, Landel, and Ferry, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 3701 (1955)] that the Doolittle equation also can be adapted to describe the abrupt decrease in molecular kinetic constants with decreasing temperature that accompanies the glass transition in certain liquids. Our result predicts that even the simplest liquids would go through this glass transition if sufficiently undercooled and crystallization did not oc...read more
Citations
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On the Temperature Dependence of Cooperative Relaxation Properties in Glass‐Forming Liquids
Gerold Adam,Julian H. Gibbs +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a molecularkinetic theory was proposed to explain the temperature dependence of relaxation behavior in glass-forming liquids in terms of the temperature variation of the size of the cooperatively rearranging region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spin glasses: Experimental facts, theoretical concepts, and open questions
Kurt Binder,A. P. Young +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the most characteristic properties of spin glass systems are described, and related phenomena in other glassy systems (dielectric and orientational glasses) are mentioned, and a review summarizes recent developments in the theory of spin glasses, as well as pertinent experimental data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical behavior of amorphous alloys
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of recent advances in understanding the mechanical behavior of metallic glasses, with particular emphasis on the deformation and fracture mechanisms, is presented, where the role of glass structure on mechanical properties, and conversely, the effect of deformation upon glass structure, are also described.
Journal ArticleDOI
A microscopic mechanism for steady state inhomogeneous flow in metallic glasses
TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical deformation map for metallic glasses is introduced and the two modes of deformation, homogeneous and inhomogeneous flow, are reviewed, based on a dynamic equilibrium between stress-driven creation and diffusional annihilation of structural disorder.
Book
Mechanical properties of solid polymers
TL;DR: A concise, self-contained introduction to solid polymers, the mechanics of their behavior and molecular and structural interpretations can be found in this article, which provides extended coverage of recent developments in rubber elasticity, relaxation transitions, non-linear viscoelastic behavior, anisotropic mechanical behavior, yield behavior of polymers and other fields.
References
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The Temperature Dependence of Relaxation Mechanisms in Amorphous Polymers and Other Glass-Forming Liquids
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The Nature of the Glassy State and the Behavior of Liquids at Low Temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Second‐Order Transition Temperatures and Related Properties of Polystyrene. I. Influence of Molecular Weight
Thomas Fox,Paul J. Flory +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the second-order transition temperature, viscosity-temperature coefficient, and specific volume of fractionated polystyrenes containing diethylbenzene end groups are presented over wide temperature ranges.
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Studies in Newtonian Flow. II. The Dependence of the Viscosity of Liquids on Free‐Space
TL;DR: In this article, the viscosity of the liquid normal paraffins can be accurately defined as a simple function of relative free space except for values in the neighborhood of the freezing points of each compound.
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On the Temperature Dependence of Cooperative Relaxation Properties in Glass‐Forming Liquids
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