Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoemulsions versus microemulsions: terminology, differences, and similarities
TLDR
In this article, the differences and similarities between nanoemulsions and micro-mulsions in terms of their compositions, structure, fabrication, properties, and stability are discussed.Abstract:
Colloidal delivery systems based on microemulsions or nanoemulsions are increasingly being utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries to encapsulate, protect, and deliver lipophilic bioactive components. The small size of the particles in these kinds of delivery systems (r < 100 nm) means that they have a number of potential benefits for certain applications: enhanced long-term stability; high optical clarity; and, increased bioavailability. Currently, there is considerable confusion about the use of the terms “microemulsions” and “nanoemulsions” in the scientific literature. However, these are distinctly different types of colloidal dispersions: a microemulsion is thermodynamically stable, whereas a nanoemulsion is not. It is therefore important to distinguish between them since this impacts the methods used to fabricate them, the strategies used to stabilize them, and the approaches used to design their functional attributes. This article reviews the differences and similarities between nanoemulsions and microemulsions in terms of their compositions, structure, fabrication, properties, and stability. It also attempts to highlight why there has been so much confusion in this area, and to clarify the terminology used to refer to these two kinds of colloidal dispersion.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoemulsions: formation, properties and applications
TL;DR: The major methods to prepare nanoemulsions, theories to predict droplet size, physical conditions and chemical additives which affect droplet stability, and recent applications are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoemulsion: Concepts, development and applications in drug delivery
Yuvraj Singh,Jaya Gopal Meher,Kavit Raval,Farooq Ali Khan,Mohini Chaurasia,Nitin Jain,Manish K. Chourasia +6 more
TL;DR: This work attempts to explore varying intricacies, excipients, manufacturing techniques and their underlying principles, production conditions, structural dynamics, prevalent destabilization mechanisms, and drug delivery applications of nanoemulsions to spike interest of those contemplating a foray in this field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoencapsulation, Nano-guard for Pesticides: A New Window for Safe Application
TL;DR: This critical review investigated the potential of nanotechnology, especially the nanoencapsulation process for pesticide delivery, to reduce the dosage of pesticides and human exposure to them and provides fundamental and critical information for researchers and engineers in the field of nantechnology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nano-emulsions: Formation by low-energy methods
Conxita Solans,Isabel Solé +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the main developments on nano-emulsion formation by low-energy methods in the last five years are reviewed, including issues such as size-range, terminology and classification of low energy emulsification methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of particle size on lipid digestion and β-carotene bioaccessibility in emulsions and nanoemulsions
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of particle size on lipid digestion and β-carotene bioaccessibility using corn oil-in-water emulsions with different initial droplet diameters.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis of food emulsion properties using computer modeling of liquid properties and measurements of molecular characteristics, such as colloidal interactions and droplet aggregation, in order to predict colloidal interaction in food emulsions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation and stability of nano-emulsions
TL;DR: This review describes the principles of formation and stability of nano-emulsions, namely high energy emulsification (using homogenisers), low energy emulsion preparation, and the principle of the phase inversion temperature (PIT), and the role of the adsorbed layer thickness.
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TL;DR: An overview of the current status of nanoemulsion formulation, fabrication, properties, applications, biological fate, and potential toxicity with emphasis on systems suitable for utilization within the food and beverage industry is provided.