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National Systems of Entrepreneurship: Measurement issues and policy implications
TLDR
In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship and provide an approach to characterizing them, which are fundamentally resource allocation systems that are driven by individual-level opportunity pursuit, through the creation of new ventures, with this activity and its outcomes regulated by country-specific institutional characteristics.Abstract:
We introduce a novel concept of National Systems of Entrepreneurship and provide an approach to characterizing them. National Systems of Entrepreneurship are fundamentally resource allocation systems that are driven by individual-level opportunity pursuit, through the creation of new ventures, with this activity and its outcomes regulated by country-specific institutional characteristics. In contrast with the institutional emphasis of the National Systems of Innovation frameworks, where institutions engender and regulate action, National Systems of Entrepreneurship are driven by individuals, with institutions regulating who acts and the outcomes of individual action. Building on these principles, we also introduce a novel index methodology to characterizing National Systems of Entrepreneurship. The distinctive features of the methodology are: (1) systemic approach, which allows interactions between components of National Systems of Entrepreneurship; (2) the Penalty for Bottleneck feature, which identifies bottleneck factors that hold back system performance; (3) contextualization, which recognizes that national entrepreneurship processes are always embedded in a given country’s institutional framework.read more
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“Small town” entrepreneurial ecosystems: Implications for developed and emerging economies
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of small town entrepreneurial ecosystems (STEEs), which draws from a wide-ranging set of disciplines to delineate the ways in which small town ecosystems are similar to and different than their larger counterparts and theorize about several strategies STEEs use to overcome their limitations.
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Regional innovation policies for new path development - beyond neo-liberal and traditional systemic views
Franz Tödtling,Michaela Trippl +1 more
TL;DR: The authors compared different variants of systemic and multi-scalar policy concepts for new regional industrial path development and showed that more recent models pay more attention to the direction of innovation and change, and to policy approaches for achieving more sustainable forms of development.
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Who is left out: exploring social boundaries in entrepreneurial ecosystems
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors model the entrepreneurial ecosystems of two municipalities through a diverse network of entrepreneurs, investors, and institutional leaders, and find that entrepreneurial ecosystems consist of different social clusters, forming boundaries along venture type (e.g., high-growth, lifestyle), type of support institution (i.e., university, government agency), gender, race, and ethnicity.
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Gem Research: Achievements and Challenges
TL;DR: This article conducted a rigorous search of articles published in journals within the Thomson Reuters' Social Sciences Citation Index® through an exploratory analysis focused on articles using Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data.
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Sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: an emerging field of research
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce relevant research streams and concepts for investigating sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems and explain why this special issue and its articles represent a fourth wave in entrepreneurial research (sustainability).
References
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