BookDOI
Nitrogen fixation in agriculture, forestry, ecology, and the environment
Dietrich Werner,William E. Newton +1 more
- Iss: 1
TLDR
This book discusses the production and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Tropical Legumes, and the importance of Symbiotic Nitrogenfixation in Soybean Cultivation in China and its role in the Soil Environment.Abstract:
Preface to the Series. Preface. List of Contributors. 1: Production and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Tropical Legumes D. Werner 1. Introduction 2. Phaseolus sp. and Vigna sp. (Beans) 3. Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut, Peanut) 4. Cicer arietinum (Chickpea) 5. Cajanus cajan (Pigeon pea) 6. Mucuna pruriens (Velvet bean) and Other Legumes Acknowledgements References 2: Nitrogen Fixation by Soybean in North America S. G. Pueppke 1. Soybean: Pathways to North America and Establishment as a Crop 2. Soybean Production in North America 3. Major Soybean Cropping Systems 4. Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Soybean in North America 5. Perspectives Acknowledgements References 3: The Importance of Nitrogen Fixation to Soybean Cropping in South America M. Hungria, J. C. Franchini, R. J. Campo and P. H. Graham 1. Introduction 2. Taxonomy, Origins, and Importance of Soybean 3. Biological Nitrogen Fixation 4. Economic Importance of Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) in South America 5. Crop Management in South America 6. Final Considerations Acknowledgement References 4: Production, Regional Distribution of Cultivars, and Agricultural Aspects of Soybean in India S. K. Mahna 1. Introduction and Historical Background 2. All-India Area Coverage, Productivity, and Production of Soybean between 1970- 2003 3. All-India State-wise Area Coverage, Productivity, and Production of Soybean 4. Regional Distribution of Soybean Cultivars 5. Regional Agricultural Aspects of Soybean Cultivation Acknowledgements References 5: Soybean Cultivation and BNF in China J. E. Ruiz Sainz, J. C. Zhou, D.-N. Rodriguez-Navarro, J. M. Vinardell and J. E. Thomas-Oates 1. Summary 2. Soybean Cultivation in China: Historical Aspects and Current Situation 3. Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria that Nodulate Soybean 4. The Soybean Germplasm Collection in China 5. Soybean in Crop Rotation and in Continuous Culture 6. Conclusions Acknowledgement References 6: Soil Stress Factors Influencing Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation M. J. Sadowsky 1. Introduction 2. Importance of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation 3. Symbiotic Interaction of Legumes with Rhizobia 4. Nodulation and Nitrogen-Fixation Genetics in the Rhizobia and Bradyrhizobia 5. Rhizobia in the Soil Environment 6. Stress Factors in the Soil Environment that Influence N2 Fixation 7. Concluding Remarks References 7: Nodulated Legume Trees J. I. Sprent 1. Introduction 2. Leguminosae 3. Rhizobia that Nodulate Legume Trees 4. Types of Nodules formed on Trees 5. Mycorrhizas and Other Nutrient-Acquisition Systems 6. Measurement of Nitrogen Fixation by Trees 7. Role of Legume Trees in Natural and Managed Systems References 8. Nitrogen Fixing Trees with Actinorhiza in Forestry and Agroforestry R. O. Russo 1. Introduction 2. General Characteristics of the Actinorhizal Symbiosis 3. Host Botanical Families 4. Nitrogen Fixation in Actinorhizal Trees 5. Mycorrhizal Associations with Actinorhizal Trees 6. Actinorhizal Trees in Agroforestry 7. The Genus Casaurina 8. The Experience of the Central America Fuelwood Project 9. The Case of Alnus acuminata in Tropical Highlands 10. Other Uses of Actinorhizal Trees 11. Concluding Considerations References 9: Molecular Ecology of N2-fixing Microbes Associated with Gramineous Plants: Hidden Activities of Unknown Bacteria T. Hurek and B. Reinhold-Hurekread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global inputs of biological nitrogen fixation in agricultural systems
TL;DR: This paper reviews and update long-standing and more recent estimates of biological N2 fixation for the different agricultural systems, including the extensive, uncultivated tropical savannas used for grazing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen uptake, fixation and response to fertilizer N in soybeans: A review
Fernando Salvagiotti,Kenneth G. Cassman,James E. Specht,Daniel T. Walters,Albert Weiss,Achim Dobermann +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive summary and interpretation of these interactions with specific emphasis on high yield environments is lacking. But the results from many N fertilization studies are often confounded by insufficiently optimized BNF or other management factors that may have precluded achieving BNF-mediated yields near the yield potential ceiling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant root growth, architecture and function
TL;DR: Some key biotic and abiotic constraints on root development and function in the soil environment are examined and some of the adaptations roots have evolved to counter such stresses discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Are the rates of photosynthesis stimulated by the carbon sink strength of rhizobial and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses
Glaciela Kaschuk,Glaciela Kaschuk,Thomas W. Kuyper,Peter A. Leffelaar,Mariangela Hungria,Ken E. Giller +5 more
TL;DR: The inoculation of legumes with rhizobia and/or AM fungi, which resulted in sink stimulation of photosynthesis, improved the photosynthetic nutrient use efficiency and the proportion of seed yield in relation to the total plant biomass (harvest index).
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of nitrifiers and evaluation of partial nitrification for wastewater treatment: A review.
TL;DR: Control strategies for obtaining partial nitrification are mainly focused on the pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, real-time aeration control, sludge retention time, substrate concentration, alternating anoxic and aerobic operation, inhibitor and ultrasonic treatment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation.
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis of the retrieved rRNA sequence of an uncultured microorganism reveals its closest culturable relatives and may, together with information on the physicochemical conditions of its natural habitat, facilitate more directed cultivation attempts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Domination of Earth's Ecosystems
TL;DR: Human alteration of Earth is substantial and growing as discussed by the authors, between one-third and one-half of the land surface has been transformed by human action; the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased by nearly 30 percent since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution; more atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by humanity than by all natural terrestrial sources combined; more than half of all accessible surface fresh water is put to use by humanity; and about one-quarter of the bird species on Earth have been driven to extinction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Taxol and Taxane Production by Taxomyces andreanae, an Endophytic Fungus of Pacific Yew
TL;DR: Taxomyces andreanae, a fungal endophyte, was isolated from the phloem (inner bark) of the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, and taxol was identified by mass spectrometry, chromatography, and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies specific for taxol.
Journal ArticleDOI
16S rRNA sequences reveal numerous uncultured microorganisms in a natural community
TL;DR: A culture-independent analysis of the composition of a well-studied hot spring microbial community, using a common but distinctive cellular component, 16S ri bosom al RNA, confirms speculations about the diversity of uncultured microorganisms it contains.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural Basis of Biological Nitrogen Fixation.
James B. Howard,Douglas C. Rees +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the nitrogenase system is presented in this article that emphasizes the structural organization of the proteins and associated metalloclusters that have the remarkable ability to catalyse nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions.