Showing papers in "Field Crops Research in 2008"

TL;DR: Breeders are asked to blend together all knowledge on the traits sustaining yield under drought and to accumulate the most effective QTLs and/or transgenes into elite genotypes without detrimental effects on yield potential, which will lead to new cultivars with high yield potential and high yield stability, that will result in superior performance in dry environments.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive summary and interpretation of these interactions with specific emphasis on high yield environments is lacking. But the results from many N fertilization studies are often confounded by insufficiently optimized BNF or other management factors that may have precluded achieving BNF-mediated yields near the yield potential ceiling.

TL;DR: Improvement in plant type design was achieved in China’s ‘‘super’’ hybrid rice by emphasizing the top three leaves and panicle position within a canopy in order to meet the demand of heavy panicles for a large source supply.

TL;DR: This review summarizes current understanding of the ‘better-known’ mechanisms of crop rotation, and discusses other mechanisms (e.g. changes in rhizosphere biology, allelopathy or soil structure) that may help to account fully for the rotation benefits that have been observed by agricultural producers for more than 2000 years.

TL;DR: Drought-resistance traits in rice and their quantitative trait loci are reviewed, with emphasis on CT9993/IR62266, one of the most widely studied mapping populations, and ways to develop cultivars that will perform well in drought-prone environments are suggested.

TL;DR: The study indicated that under lowland drought stress, the use of highly drought-tolerant donors, as parents in crosses to high yielding but susceptible varieties resulted in a much higher frequency of genotypes combining high-yield potential with tolerance than did crosses among elite lines with high-Yield potential but poor tolerance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess genetic and environmental factors that could assist breeders in improving crop performance in low-input and organic farming systems by examining NUE in natural and agricultural ecosystems.

TL;DR: In this paper, a 2-year field experiment was carried out in a Mediterranean coastal area of Central Italy (175mm of rainfall in the corn-growing period) and corn was subjected to three irrigation levels (rainfed and supply at 50 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration, ETc).

TL;DR: In this paper, an in-season N management strategy based on soil Nmin test was developed under experimental conditions, and more than half-N fertilizer could be saved without grain yield losses, compared with farmer's N management practices.

TL;DR: The paper was proven to have overestimated the productivity of organic agriculture, and that the proposal on a legume-based cropping strategy is not viable to meet the required nutrients of the crops.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that grain yield in modern cultivars is still limited by post-anthesis sink (KNO) and that understanding KNO determination is therefore useful for predicting physiological routes to higher yield.

TL;DR: The genotypic variation observed indicates that breeding for a higher rate of linear grain growth and greater contribution of stem reserves to grain yield should be possible in wheat to stabilize grain yield in stressful environments.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the N response and fertilizer-N use efficiency of Shanyou63 (SY63) and Liangyoupeijiu (LYP9) under a wide range of N rates.

TL;DR: A summary of the understanding of soybean physiology and culture for high yields mainly from Chinese scientists’ perspective is document.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the yield performance in terms of quality and quantity and water use efficiency under plastic film or straw mulching cultivation under non-flooded condition and concluded that both PM and SM could significantly increase WUE, while the SM could also maintain a high grain yield and improve quality of rice.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the on-farm impacts of zero-tillage (ZT) wheat in the rice-wheat systems of India's Haryana state and Pakistan's Punjab province and found significant ZT-induced resource-saving effects in farmers' fields in terms of diesel, tractor time and cost savings for wheat cultivation.

TL;DR: The morpho-physiological responses and potential mechanisms through which AM colonization might improve maize drought tolerance are highlighted and potential areas for future research related to the adoption of cropping practices promoting AM colonization and survival are suggested.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that N availability promoted differences among genotypes (G) in the response of EGRcp and KNP to PGRcp, and the importance of both photo-assimilate and N availability on EGRCP and K NP determination is evidenced.

TL;DR: Assessment of the ‘push–pull’ technology in maize-based farming systems in western Kenya demonstrates that the technology is equally effective in controlling both pests with concomitant yield increases under farmers’ conditions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted cross-locational field experiments using widely different rice varieties in Yunnan and in temperate environments of Kyoto, Japan in 2002 and 2003, and revealed the environmental factors associated with high rice productivity in the subtropical environment of Yunnan, China.

TL;DR: The results show that direct selection for grain yield under stress is effective and does not reduce yield potential, and that selection under upland drought stress can result in yield gains under natural stress in the wet season.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that cultivation technique can be exploited in order to maximize the quality and yield of stems destined for the innovative harvesting and processing system herein described.

TL;DR: Extended growth inside the nursery, rather than transplanting shock per se, appeared to be the main reason for delayed tiller emergence in late transplanting, which increased grain yield in all cases despite the associated decrease in tillering efficiency.

TL;DR: In this paper, a long-term rotation experiment was established in 2001 to compare conservation tillage techniques with conventional tillage in a semi-arid environment in the western Loess Plateau of China.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of N and Fe fertilization on growth and yield of double cropped soybean (cv. SA 88, MG III) in a Mediterranean-type environment in Turkey during 2003 and 2004 were evaluated.

TL;DR: In this article, the spectral vegetation index (RVI) was used to estimate nitrogen status in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under high N input conditions, and the authors developed models to predict winter wheat N uptake using spectral vegetation indices and validate the models with data from farmers' fields.

TL;DR: This study suggests that in order to achieve higher crop yields, the long-term P input–output balance, soil P supplying capacity and yield targets should be considered when making P fertilizer recommendations and developing strategies for intensively managed wheat–maize cropping systems.

TL;DR: The objectives of this paper were to determine the critical period for grain number determination in two- and six-rowed barleys, and to identify which yield components were more sensitive to changes in incident radiation during that period.

TL;DR: It is concluded that moderate drought stress does not necessarily affect the response to moderate N rates, provided that drought does not induce high spikelet sterility and that fertilizer N is properly managed.