Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinear Water Waves Generated by Submarine and Aerial Landslides
TLDR
In this article, the two-dimensional hydrodynamics program Nasa•Vof2D is modified to study the generation, propagation, and run-up on the shore of water waves created by landslides.Abstract:
The two‐dimensional hydrodynamics program Nasa‐Vof2D is modified to study the generation, propagation, and run‐up on the shore of water waves created by landslides. Nasa‐Vof2D, developed by the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, is a nonlinear Eulerian code, which solves the complete incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations by a finite difference method. The modification includes making the fluid domain boundaries (i.e., the bathymetry) time‐dependent. It allows a complex geometry box to slide down any incline, provided that the body kinetic is known and that the phenomenon is two‐dimensional or axisymmetric. To verify this numerical Nasa‐Vof2D extension, an experimental study on nonlinear waves generated by a two‐dimensional triangular body sliding a 45° inclined plane is conducted. The computed wave profiles show very close agreement with the experimental ones, except when free‐surface turbulence occurs, which the present numerical method cannot simulate.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The slump origin of the 1998 Papua New Guinea Tsunami
Costas E. Synolakis,Jean Pierre Bardet,Jose C. Borrero,Hugh L. Davies,Emile A. Okal,Eli A. Silver,Suzanne Sweet,David R. Tappin +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on recently acquired high-resolution seismic reflection data which yield new images of a large underwater slump, coincident with photographic and bathymetric evidence of the same feature, suspected of having generated the tsunami.
Journal ArticleDOI
Near Field Characteristics of Landslide Generated Impulse Waves
TL;DR: In this article, landslide generated impulse waves were investigated in a two-dimensional physical laboratory model based on the generalized Froude similarity, and four wave types were determined: weakly nonlinear oscillatory wave, nonlinear transition wave, solitary-like wave and dissipative transient bore.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tsunami Generation by Submarine Mass Failure. I: Modeling, Experimental Validation, and Sensitivity Analyses
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional (2D) fully nonlinear potential flow (FNPF) model for tsunami generation by two idealized types of submarine mass failure (SMF): underwater slides and slumps is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Runup and rundown generated by three-dimensional sliding masses
Abstract: To study the waves and runup/rundown generated by a sliding mass, a numerical simulation model, based on the large-eddy-simulation (LES) approach, was developed. The Smagorinsky subgrid scale model was employed to provide turbulence dissipation and the volume of fluid (VOF) method was used to track the free surface and shoreline movements. A numerical algorithm for describing the motion of the sliding mass was also implemented.
To validate the numerical model, we conducted a set of large-scale experiments in a wave tank of 104m long, 3.7m wide and 4.6m deep with a plane slope (1:2) located at one end of the tank. A freely sliding wedge with two orientations and a hemisphere were used to represent landslides. Their initial positions ranged from totally aerial to fully submerged, and the slide mass was also varied over a wide range. The slides were instrumented to provide position and velocity time histories. The time-histories of water surface and the runup at a number of locations were measured.
Comparisons between the numerical results and experimental data are presented only for wedge shape slides. Very good agreement is shown for the time histories of runup and generated waves. The detailed three-dimensional complex flow patterns, free surface and shoreline deformations are further illustrated by the numerical results. The maximum runup heights are presented as a function of the initial elevation and the specific weight of the slide. The effects of the wave tank width on the maximum runup are also discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Papua New Guinea tsunami of 17 July 1998: anatomy of a catastrophic event
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present revised interpretations of the slump architecture based on new seabed relief images and, using these, the most comprehensive tsunami simulation of the PNG event to date.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A note on tsunamis: their generation and propagation in an ocean of uniform depth
TL;DR: In this article, an integral solution is developed for an arbitrary bed displacement (in space and time) on the basis of a linear approximation of the complete (nonlinear) description of wave motion.
ReportDOI
The mac method-a computing technique for solving viscous, incompressible, transient fluid-flow problems involving free surfaces
Book
Numerical modeling of water waves
TL;DR: Numerical modeling of water waves as mentioned in this paper covers all aspects of this subject, from the basic fluid dynamics and the simplest models to the latest and most complex, including the first-ever description of techniques for modeling wave generation by explosions, projectile impacts, asteroids, and impact landslides.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water Waves Generated by Landslides
TL;DR: In this article, the amplitude of the largest wave in the nonlinear region by utilizing the solutions obtained from linear theory for vertical landslides was derived for the Lituya Bay landslide of July 9, 1958.
Journal ArticleDOI
Laboratory studies of gravity waves generated by the movement of a submerged body
TL;DR: In this article, a laboratory study was made of the waves resulting from an idealized two-dimensional model of the movement of a submerged body, where bodies of several shapes, sizes, and weights were allowed to drop vertically or to slide down inclines of several angles, in water of various depths, from several heights above the bottom, but always below the water surface.