Journal ArticleDOI
Not only pH. Specific buffer effects in biological systems
Andrea Salis,Maura Monduzzi +1 more
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TLDR
Buffer specific adsorption modifies several molecular and macroscopic properties amongst which electrophoretic mobilities, and hence effective surface charges, are particularly significant.Abstract:
The aim of this work is to overview the specific effect of pH buffers in biological systems. The pH of a buffer solution changes only slightly when a small amount of a strong acid or bases is added to it. This is widely accepted and applied both in chemical and in biological (i.e. enzyme catalysis) systems. Here we show some examples – spanning from pH measurements, enzyme activities, electrophoretic mobilities, antibody aggregation, protein thermal stability – that demonstrate additional roles of buffers. They not only set pH, but also address specific ion effects, in terms of Hofmeister series, when strong electrolytes are also added. From the experimental data referred to some charged biological moieties it emerges that different buffers, at the same nominal pH, can specifically adsorb at the charged surface. Buffer specific adsorption modifies several molecular and macroscopic properties amongst which electrophoretic mobilities, and hence effective surface charges, are particularly significant. More importantly, buffers' weak electrolytes, even at low concentration, are found to compete for the adsorption at the charged surfaces with strong electrolytes, thus modulating Hofmeister effects.read more
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Recent Progress in Electrochemical pH-Sensing Materials and Configurations for Biomedical Applications
Mohamed T. Ghoneim,A. Nguyen,N. Dereje,J. Huang,Grace C. Moore,P. J. Murzynowski,Canan Dagdeviren +6 more
TL;DR: This review highlights rapid progress in electrochemical pH sensors over the past decade with an emphasis on key considerations, such as materials selection, system configurations, and testing protocols, and focuses on electromechanical pH sensors, due to their significant advances in biomedical applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Buffers in Protein Formulations
Teddy J. Zbacnik,Ryan E. Holcomb,Derrick S. Katayama,Brian Murphy,Robert W. Payne,Richard C. Coccaro,Gabriel J. Evans,James E. Matsuura,Charles S. Henry,Mark C. Manning +9 more
TL;DR: The ability of buffers to stabilize therapeutic proteins whether in liquid formulations, frozen solutions, or the solid state is highlighted and the potential safety and toxicity issues of buffers are discussed, with a special emphasis on the influence of buffers on the perceived pain upon injection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Viscosity Control of Protein Solution by Small Solutes: A Review.
TL;DR: The small molecular additives are the simplest resolution of the high viscosity of protein solution as well as understanding of the primary cause in complex phenomena of protein interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles functionalized with hyaluronic acid. Effect of the biopolymer chain length on cell internalization.
Valentina Nairi,Silvia Magnolia,Marco Piludu,Mariella Nieddu,Cristian Antonio Caria,Valeria Sogos,María Vallet-Regí,Maura Monduzzi,Andrea Salis +8 more
TL;DR: The uptake is mainly driven by the attractive electrostatic interaction with membrane phospholipids, while MSN-HA internalization involves CD44 receptors overexpressed in HeLa cells, suggesting the occurrence of two different mechanisms of internalization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding specific ion effects and the Hofmeister series.
Kasimir P. Gregory,Gareth R Elliott,Hayden Robertson,Anand Kumar,Erica J. Wanless,Grant B. Webber,Vincent S. J. Craig,Gunther G. Andersson,Alister J. Page +8 more
TL;DR: Specific ion effects (SIE) have been known for more than 130 years since Hofmeister and Lewith's foundational work as discussed by the authors , but no general predictive theory has yet been able to explain ion specificity across these fields; it remains impossible to predict when, how, and to what magnitude, a SIE will be observed.
References
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Monoclonal antibodies: versatile platforms for cancer immunotherapy.
TL;DR: This work states that antibodies exhibit various immunomodulatory properties and, by directly activating or inhibiting molecules of the immune system, antibodies can promote the induction of antitumour immune responses and form the basis for new cancer treatment strategies.
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‘Zur Lehre von der Wirkung der Salze’ (about the science of the effect of salts): Franz Hofmeister's historical papers
TL;DR: In a seminal series of papers, Franz Hofmeister, Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Prague, was the first to study specific ion effects systematically as discussed by the authors, which stands in the scheme of things in importance much as did the work of Mendel to genetics.