Novel blind multiple watermarking technique for images

TLDR: Experimental results show that embedded watermarks using the proposed techniques can give good image quality and are robust in varying degree to JPEG compression, low-pass filtering, noise contamination, and print-and-scan.

Abstract: Three novel blind watermarking techniques are proposed to embed watermarks into digital images for different purposes. The watermarks are designed to be decoded or detected without the original images. The first one, called single watermark embedding (SWE), is used to embed a watermark bit sequence into digital images using two secret keys. The second technique, called multiple watermark embedding (MWE), extends SWE to embed multiple watermarks simultaneously in the same watermark space while minimizing the watermark (distortion) energy. The third technique, called iterative watermark embedding (IWE), embeds watermarks into JPEG-compressed images. The iterative approach of IWE can prevent the potential removal of a watermark in the JPEG recompression process. Experimental results show that embedded watermarks using the proposed techniques can give good image quality and are robust in varying degree to JPEG compression, low-pass filtering, noise contamination, and print-and-scan.

Figures

Fig. 30. (Left) MWE-watermarked image under LPF attack.PSNR = 31:82 dB. (Middle) Decoded watermark. (Right) Random watermark detection results.

Fig. 26. Detection error of MWE under LPF attack.

Fig. 6. (a) Original logo “UST”. (b)-(f) Original logo “Alphabet”.

Fig. 23. Distribution ofS of MWE (IA-R, Q = 5) under JPEG attack.

Fig. 28. Detection error of MWE under noise attack.

Fig. 27. Distribution ofS of MWE under noise attack.