Optimal Outcome in Individuals with a History of Autism
Deborah Fein,Marianne Barton,Inge-Marie Eigsti,Elizabeth Kelley,Letitia R. Naigles,Robert T. Schultz,Michael C. Stevens,Molly Helt,Alyssa Orinstein,Michael Rosenthal,Eva Troyb,Katherine Tyson +11 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The results substantiate the possibility of OO from autism spectrum disorders and demonstrate an overall level of functioning within normal limits for this group.Abstract:
Background: Although autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are generally considered lifelong disabilities, literature suggests that a minority of individuals with an ASD will lose the diagnosis. However, the existence of this phenomenon, as well as its frequency and interpretation, is still controversial: were they misdiagnosed initially, is this a rare event, did they lose the full diagnosis, but still suffer significant social and communication impairments or did they lose all symptoms of ASD and function socially within the normal range? Methods: The present study documents a group of these optimal outcome individuals (OO group, n = 34) by comparing their functioning on standardized measures to age, sex, and nonverbal IQ matched individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA group, n = 44) or typical development (TD group, n = 34). For this study, ‘optimal outcome’ requires losing all symptoms of ASD in addition to the diagnosis, and functioning within the nonautistic range of social interaction and communication. Domains explored include language, face recognition, socialization, communication, and autism symptoms. Results: Optimal outcome and TD groups’ mean scores did not differ on socialization, communication, face recognition, or most language subscales, although three OO individuals showed below-average scores on face recognition. Early in their development, the OO group displayed milder symptoms than the HFA group in the social domain, but had equally severe difficulties with communication and repetitive behaviors. Conclusions: Although possible deficits in more subtle aspects of social interaction or cognition are not ruled out, the results substantiate the possibility of OO from autism spectrum disorders and demonstrate an overall level of functioning within normal limits for this group. Keywords: Autism, outcome, optimal.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Contributions to Neuropsychological Assessment
TL;DR: This cornucopia will be coveted and dipped into by those neurologists with a special interest in abnormal movement disorders, but who would not consider themselves to have a research interest in tremor.
Journal ArticleDOI
The health status of adults on the autism spectrum
Lisa A. Croen,Ousseny Zerbo,Yinge Qian,Maria L. Massolo,Steve Rich,Stephen Sidney,Clarissa Kripke +6 more
TL;DR: Nearly all medical conditions were significantly more common in adults with autism, including immune conditions, gastrointestinal and sleep disorders, seizure, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autism spectrum disorder
Catherine Lord,Traolach S. Brugha,Tony Charman,James C. Cusack,Guillaume Dumas,Thomas W. Frazier,Emily J.H. Jones,Rebecca M. Jones,Andrew Pickles,Matthew W. State,Julie Lounds Taylor,Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele +11 more
TL;DR: This Primer by Lord and colleagues reviews the epidemiology, mechanisms, clinical detection and treatment of autism and identifies the long-term needs of people with autism.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Heterogeneity and Treatment Options
TL;DR: This review provides a broad overview of the history, prevalence, etiology, clinical presentation, and heterogeneity of ASD and explores the potential of a new wave of research examining objective biomarkers to facilitate the evaluation of sub-typing, diagnosis, and treatment response in ASD.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory
TL;DR: An inventory of 20 items with a set of instructions and response- and computational-conventions is proposed and the results obtained from a young adult population numbering some 1100 individuals are reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders
TL;DR: The revised interview has been reorganized, shortened, modified to be appropriate for children with mental ages from about 18 months into adulthood and linked to ICD-10 and DSM-IV criteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: a standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism.
Catherine Lord,Susan Risi,Linda Lambrecht,Edwin H. Cook,Bennett L. Leventhal,Pamela C. DiLavore,Andrew Pickles,Michael Rutter +7 more
TL;DR: Algorithm sensitivities and specificities for autism and PD DNOS relative to nonspectrum disorders were excellent, with moderate differentiation of autism from PDDNOS.
The assessment and analysis of handedness
TL;DR: In this paper, an inventory of 20 items with a set of instructions and response-and computational-conventions is proposed and the results obtained from a young adult population numbering some 1100 individuals are reported.