Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases.
Ilaria Liguori,Gennaro Russo,Francesco Curcio,Giulia Bulli,Luisa Aran,David Della-Morte,Gaetano Gargiulo,Gianluca Testa,Gianluca Testa,Francesco Cacciatore,Domenico Bonaduce,Pasquale Abete +11 more
TLDR
Given the important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many clinical conditions and aging, antioxidant therapy could positively affect the natural history of several diseases, but further investigation is needed to evaluate the real efficacy of these therapeutic interventions.Abstract:
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced by several endogenous and exogenous processes, and their negative effects are neutralized by antioxidant defenses. Oxidative stress occurs from the imbalance between RONS production and these antioxidant defenses. Aging is a process characterized by the progressive loss of tissue and organ function. The oxidative stress theory of aging is based on the hypothesis that age-associated functional losses are due to the accumulation of RONS-induced damages. At the same time, oxidative stress is involved in several age-related conditions (ie, cardiovascular diseases [CVDs], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer), including sarcopenia and frailty. Different types of oxidative stress biomarkers have been identified and may provide important information about the efficacy of the treatment, guiding the selection of the most effective drugs/dose regimens for patients and, if particularly relevant from a pathophysiological point of view, acting on a specific therapeutic target. Given the important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many clinical conditions and aging, antioxidant therapy could positively affect the natural history of several diseases, but further investigation is needed to evaluate the real efficacy of these therapeutic interventions. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of literature on this complex topic of ever increasing interest.read more
Citations
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Beneficial Role of Phytochemicals on Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Diseases.
Cinzia Forni,Francesco Facchiano,Manuela Bartoli,Stefano Pieretti,Antonio Facchiano,Daniela D'Arcangelo,Sandro Norelli,Giorgia Valle,Roberto Nisini,Simone Beninati,Claudio Tabolacci,Ravirajsinh N. Jadeja +11 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the most relevant data reported in literature on the natural compounds, mainly phytochemicals, with antioxidant activity and their potential protective effects on age-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and chronic inflammation, and possibly lower side effects, when compared to other drugs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Mechanisms Linking Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus.
TL;DR: This review presents the molecular mechanisms by which the oxidative milieu contributes to the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus through several molecular mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Glutathione in Cancer: From Mechanisms to Therapies
Luke Kennedy,Jagdeep K. Sandhu,Jagdeep K. Sandhu,Mary-Ellen Harper,Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf,Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf +5 more
TL;DR: Mechanisms of GSH functionalities and different therapeutic approaches that either target GSH directly, indirectly or use GSH-based prodrugs are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise-induced oxidative stress: Friend or foe?
Scott K. Powers,Rafael Deminice,Mustafa Ozdemir,Mustafa Ozdemir,Toshinori Yoshihara,Matthew P. Bomkamp,Hayden W. Hyatt +6 more
TL;DR: Based on the available evidence, it appears unlikely that rigorous and prolonged exercise results in an oxidative stress level that is detrimental to human health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sarcopenia: assessment of disease burden and strategies to improve outcomes.
Ilaria Liguori,Gennaro Russo,Luisa Aran,Giulia Bulli,Francesco Curcio,David Della-Morte,Gaetano Gargiulo,Gianluca Testa,Gianluca Testa,Francesco Cacciatore,Domenico Bonaduce,Pasquale Abete +11 more
TL;DR: Because sarcopenia is associated with important adverse health outcomes, such as frailty, hospitalization, and mortality, several therapeutic strategies have been identified that involve exercise training, nutritional supplementation, hormonal therapies, and novel strategies and are still under investigation.
References
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