Parasite infection and decreased thermal tolerance: impact of proliferative kidney disease on a wild salmonid fish in the context of climate change
Matthieu Bruneaux,Marko Visse,Riho Gross,Lilian Pukk,Lauri Saks,Lauri Saks,Anti Vasemägi,Anti Vasemägi +7 more
TLDR
It is suggested that impaired aerobic performances and thermal tolerance in infected fish may potentially result in decreased host survival in the wild, especially in relation with predicted higher average summer temperatures and increased frequency of extreme events in the context of global climate change.Abstract:
Summary
Parasites and pathogens can have an important effect on their host's thermal resistance. The impact of parasite infection on host physiological performances has traditionally been studied in controlled laboratory conditions, and much less is known about its actual effects in wild populations. Nonetheless, such knowledge is critical when assessing the effect of climate change on the future survival of the host.
Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a myxozoan endoparasite causing proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonids. Infection and clinical symptoms of PKD are dependent on environmental temperature and PKD has become an emerging disease of primary importance for farmed and wild salmonids in the last decades. Despite important achievements in understanding PKD pathology in recent years, there are still crucial gaps in the knowledge of the disease ecology, notably in how the parasite affects host performance in the wild.
We sampled juvenile (0+) brown trout (Salmo trutta) from the wild during early and late summer and assessed relative parasite load (DNA quantification with qPCR) and disease severity (kidney hyperplasia). We also measured haematocrit, leucocyte formula, aerobic scope and upper thermal tolerance in a field-physiology approach in order to better understand the relationships between PKD severity and host performance. By using wild-caught individuals and performing measurements directly on location, we aimed to gain insights into host physiology in a natural environment while avoiding biases caused by laboratory acclimation.
We found that most physiopathological symptoms in the wild were strongly correlated with kidney hyperplasia, but more weakly linked to parasite load. Disease severity was positively correlated with anaemia and abundance of circulating thrombocytes, and negatively correlated with aerobic scope and thermal tolerance.
Our results suggest that impaired aerobic performances and thermal tolerance in infected fish may potentially result in decreased host survival in the wild, especially in relation with predicted higher average summer temperatures and increased frequency of extreme events (summer heatwaves) in the context of global climate change.
A Lay Summary is available for this article.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress responses in fish: From molecular to evolutionary processes.
TL;DR: This review synthetize recent advances in molecular biology and evolutionary biology to outline some potentially important effects of stressors on fish across biological levels, and proposes emerging tools merging different levels of biological organization to better predict population resilience under multiple stressors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change as a long-term stressor for the fisheries of the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America
Paris D. Collingsworth,David B. Bunnell,Michael Murray,Yu-Chun Kao,Yu-Chun Kao,Zachary S. Feiner,Randall M. Claramunt,Brent M. Lofgren,Tomas O. Höök,Stuart A. Ludsin +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize projected changes in climate and fish habitat in the Great Lakes and summarize fish responses to climate change in the great lakes; describe key interactions between climate change and other stressors relevant to Great Lakes fish, and summarize how climate change can be incorporated into fisheries management.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Environmental Factors and an Emerging Parasitic Disease on Gut Microbiome of Wild Salmonid Fish.
TL;DR: The effects of environmental factors and parasitic burdens on the microbial composition and diversity within the GIT of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) and the potential role of GIT micobiomes in the modulation of host-parasite relationships are analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrated field, laboratory, and theoretical study of PKD spread in a Swiss prealpine river.
Luca Carraro,Enrico Bertuzzo,Lorenzo Mari,Inês Fontes,Hanna Hartikainen,Hanna Hartikainen,Nicole Strepparava,Heike Schmidt-Posthaus,Thomas Wahli,Jukka Jokela,Jukka Jokela,Marino Gatto,Andrea Rinaldo,Andrea Rinaldo +13 more
TL;DR: It is shown how spatial and environmental characteristics of river networks can be used to study epidemiology and disease dynamics of waterborne diseases, and a method based on decay distance of eDNA signal predicting local species’ density is introduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
A survey of microparasites present in adult migrating Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in south-western British Columbia determined by high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Arthur L. Bass,Scott G. Hinch,Amy K. Teffer,David A. Patterson,Kristina M. Miller,Kristina M. Miller +5 more
TL;DR: High-throughput, quantitative PCR was used to rapidly screen 82 adult Chinook salmon from five geographically or genetically distinct groups for 45 microparasite taxa, revealing some positive associations between Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Cryptobia salmositica and Ceratonova shasta and physiological indices suggestive of morbidity.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of increasing temperature variability in European summer heatwaves
Christoph Schär,Pier Luigi Vidale,Daniel Lüthi,Christoph Frei,Christian Häberli,Mark A. Liniger,Christof Appenzeller +6 more
TL;DR: It is found that an event like that of summer 2003 is statistically extremely unlikely, even when the observed warming is taken into account, and it is proposed that a regime with an increased variability of temperatures (in addition to increases in mean temperature) may be able to account for summer 2003.
Journal ArticleDOI
Universal and rapid salt-extraction of high quality genomic DNA for PCR-based techniques
Salah M. Aljanabi,Iciar Martinez +1 more
TL;DR: The quantity and the quality of the DNA extracted by this method is high enough to perform hundreds of PCR-based reactions and also to be used in other DNA manipulation techniques such as restriction digestion, Southern blot and cloning.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change affects marine fishes through the oxygen limitation of thermal tolerance.
Hans-Otto Pörtner,Rainer Knust +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown in the eelpout, Zoarces viviparus, a bioindicator fish species for environmental monitoring from North and Baltic Seas, that thermally limited oxygen delivery closely matches environmental temperatures beyond which growth performance and abundance decrease, which will be the first process to cause extinction or relocation to cooler waters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and temperature-dependent biogeography: oxygen limitation of thermal tolerance in animals.
TL;DR: The capacity of oxygen delivery matches full aerobic scope only within the thermal optimum and at temperatures outside this range, only time-limited survival is supported by residual aerobic scope, then anaerobic metabolism and finally molecular protection by heat shock proteins and antioxidative defence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Putting the Heat on Tropical Animals
TL;DR: To assess whether independent data support these assertions, longterm demographic data on tropical species are required, and the implications of this pattern for species vulnerabilities to climate change have rarely been investigated.