Journal ArticleDOI
Path loss, delay spread, and outage models as functions of antenna height for microcellular system design
TLDR
The results presented in this paper provide insight into the statistical distributions of measured path loss by showing the validity of a double regression model with a break point at a distance that has first Fresnel zone clearance for line-of-sight topographies.Abstract:
This paper presents results of wide-band path loss and delay spread measurements for five representative microcellular environments in the San Francisco Bay area at 1900 MHz. Measurements were made with a wide-band channel sounder using a 100-ns probing pulse. Base station antenna heights of 3.7 m, 8.5 m, and 13.3 m were tested with a mobile receiver antenna height of 1.7 m to emulate a typical microcellular scenario. The results presented in this paper provide insight into the statistical distributions of measured path loss by showing the validity of a double regression model with a break point at a distance that has first Fresnel zone clearance for line-of-sight topographies. The variation of delay spread as a function of path loss is also investigated, and a simple exponential overbound model is developed. The path loss and delay spread models are then applied to communication system design allowing outage probabilities, based on path loss or delay spread, to be estimated for a given microcell size. >read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Wideband Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for Future Wireless Communication System Design
TL;DR: Experimental measurements and empirically-based propagation channel models for the 28, 38, 60, and 73 GHz mmWave bands are presented, using a wideband sliding correlator channel sounder with steerable directional horn antennas at both the transmitter and receiver from 2011 to 2013.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of Millimeter Wave Communications for Fifth-Generation (5G) Wireless Networks—With a Focus on Propagation Models
Theodore S. Rappaport,Yunchou Xing,George R. MacCartney,Andreas F. Molisch,Evangelos Mellios,Jianhua Zhang +5 more
TL;DR: Propagation parameters and channel models for understanding mmWave propagation, such as line-of-sight (LOS) probabilities, large-scale path loss, and building penetration loss, as modeled by various standardization bodies are compared over the 0.5–100 GHz range.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of spatial channel models for antenna array communication systems
TL;DR: This tutorial reviews the key concepts in spatial channel modeling and presents emerging approaches, and reviews the research issues in developing and using spatial channel models for adaptive antennas.
Journal ArticleDOI
A survey of various propagation models for mobile communication
TL;DR: An impulse-response characterization for the propagation path is presented, including models for small-scale fading, and it is shown that when two-way communication ports can be defined for a mobile system, it is possible to use reciprocity to focus the energy along the direction of an intended user without any explicit knowledge of the electromagnetic environment in which the system is operating.
Journal ArticleDOI
Broadband Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Models Using Adaptive-Beam Antennas for Outdoor Urban Cellular Communications
Theodore S. Rappaport,Felix Gutierrez,Eshar Ben-Dor,James N. Murdock,Yijun Qiao,Jonathan I. Tamir +5 more
TL;DR: Measurements and models that may be used to design future fifth-generation millimeter-wave cellular networks are provided and insight into antenna beam steering algorithms for these systems are given.
References
More filters
Proceedings ArticleDOI
The effect of path loss models on the simulated performance of portable radio systems
TL;DR: Computer simulations of portable radio access were made to compare access performance using two dissimilar path loss models, one of which corresponds to a residential environment, where customers are served by external radio ports (fixed radios), and the other model published by Ericsson Radio Systems from measurements in one office building.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
An empirical model for urban microcells, with applications and extensions
TL;DR: The authors propose that the squares inscribed within the convex-diamond contours be used as the building blocks of microcellular environments, and a simple theory is developed to explain and predict the conveX-d diamond shapes of these contours.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Radio wave propagation in urban microcellular environment
TL;DR: In this paper, a more uniform coverage area can be obtained by strategic placement of antennas for microcells and the use of directional antennas, and experimental test results are presented to support this result.
The importance of propagation phenomena in personal communication networks
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the broad scene and the vital role that radio propagation has in the second and higher generation mobile networks and discuss future systems which might operate by shaping the propagation phenomenon to suit their aims.