Photosensitizing activity of water- and lipid-soluble phthalocyanines on Escherichia coli.
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Biochemical analyses performed on irradiated cells suggest that the cytoplasmic membrane is an important target of the photoprocess, while DNA is not involved.Abstract:
Escherichia coli, as most Gram-negative bacteria, is insensitive to the photosensitizing action of both lipid-soluble Zinc-phthalocyanine (Zn-Pc) and water-soluble Zinc-mono/disulfonated phthalocyanine (Zn-PcS). Photosensitivity can be induced by alteration of the outer membrane, as obtained by either induction of competence or treatment with Tris-EDTA. Both phthalocyanines largely bind at the level of the cytoplasmic membrane; however, Zn-PcS shows a superior photosensitizing activity as compared with Zn-Pc. Biochemical analyses performed on irradiated cells suggest that the cytoplasmic membrane is an important target of the photoprocess, while DNA is not involved.read more
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Photodynamic therapy: a new antimicrobial approach to infectious disease?
Michael R. Hamblin,Tayyaba Hasan +1 more
TL;DR: All the available evidence suggests that multi-antibiotic resistant strains are as easily killed by PDT as naive strains, and that bacteria will not readily develop resistance to PDT.
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Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of microbial infections: Basic principles and perspective applications
Giulio Jori,Clara Fabris,Marina Soncin,Stefania Ferro,Olimpia Coppellotti,Donata Dei,Lia Fantetti,Giacomo Chiti,Gabrio Roncucci +8 more
TL;DR: Photodynamic therapy appears to be endowed with several favorable features for the treatment of infections originated by microbial pathogens, including a broad spectrum of action, the efficient inactivation of antibiotic‐resistant strains, the low mutagenic potential, and the lack of selection of photoresistant microbial cells.
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Photodynamic therapy for localized infections--state of the art.
TL;DR: Using PDT to kill or inactivate pathogens in ex vivo tissues and in biological materials such as blood will become more important in the future as antibiotic resistance is only expected to continue to increase.
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Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy
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Phthalocyanines as photodynamic sensitizers.
TL;DR: The most cherished goals of pharmacology are the development of selective therapeutic agents which affect exclusively the target tissue and research of the last few years has boosted these dyes to the position of viable candidates for PDT.
References
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Journal Article
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TL;DR: Synthetic methods to obtain selectively sulfonated metallo phthalocyanines are compared, finding that both condensation and direct sulfonation procedures lead to mixtures of mono‐ to tetrasulfonated products which are resolved by reverse phase liquid chromatography in buffered aqueous‐methanol.
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Hematoporphyrin-sensitized photoinactivation of Streptococcus faecalis.
TL;DR: The type of photoinduced ultrastructural modifications and the largely preferential binding of HP to the cytoplasmic membrane, as observed by cell fractionation studies, suggest that one important target of the HP‐photosensitized process is represented by membrane components.