Prolactin: a pleiotropic neuroendocrine hormone.
David R. Grattan,Ilona C. Kokay +1 more
TLDR
Some of the original studies that first characterised the unusual features of prolactin neuroendocrinology are highlighted, and areas of new progress and/or controversy are attempted to identify.Abstract:
The neuroendocrine control of prolactin secretion is unlike that of any other pituitary hormone. It is predominantly inhibited by the hypothalamus and, in the absence of a regulatory feedback hormone, it acts directly in the brain to suppress its own secretion. In addition to this short-loop feedback action in the brain, prolactin has been reported to influence a wide range of other brain functions. There have been few attempts to rationalise why a single hormone might exert such a range of distinct and seemingly unrelated neuroendocrine functions. In this review, we highlight some of the original studies that first characterised the unusual features of prolactin neuroendocrinology, and then attempt to identify areas of new progress and/or controversy. Finally, we discuss a hypothesis that provides a unifying explanation for the pleiotrophic actions of prolactin in the brain.read more
Citations
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60 YEARS OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY: The hypothalamo-prolactin axis
TL;DR: This review will provide a brief overview of the current understanding of the neuroendocrine control of prolactin secretion, in particular focusing on the plasticity evident in this system, which keeps prolactIn secretion at low levels most of the time, but enables extended periods of hyperprolactinemia when necessary for lactation.
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New insights in prolactin: pathological implications.
TL;DR: The role of prolactin in human pathophysiology is focused on, particularly the discovery of the mechanism underlying infertility associated with hyperprolactinaemia and the identification of the first mutation in human PRLR.
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Prolactin-induced mitogenesis in the subventricular zone of the maternal brain during early pregnancy is essential for normal postpartum behavioral responses in the mother.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that prolactin-induced increase in generation of neural progenitors in the SVZ of the maternal brain during early pregnancy is required for normal expression of postpartum maternal behaviors.
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Distribution of prolactin-responsive neurons in the mouse forebrain.
TL;DR: Prolactin‐induced pSTAT5, detected by immunohistochemistry, provided a functional index of prolactin receptor activation in neurons, and was particularly prominent in the rostral and mediobasal hypothalamus.
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Why is sad music pleasurable? A possible role for prolactin:
TL;DR: A hedonic theory of music and sadness is proposed in this article, where listeners report that nominally sad music genuinely makes them feel sad, and it is suggested that sad affect is evoked by the music.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Prolactin: Structure, Function, and Regulation of Secretion
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive survey of the current understanding of prolactin's function and its regulation and to expose some of the controversies still existing.
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Prolactin (PRL) and Its Receptor: Actions, Signal Transduction Pathways and Phenotypes Observed in PRL Receptor Knockout Mice
TL;DR: It is clear that there are multiple actions associated with PRL, and the technique of gene targeting in mice has been used to develop the first experimental model in which the effect of the complete absence of any lactogen or PRL-mediated effects can be studied.
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The control of progesterone secretion during the estrous cycle and early pseudopregnancy in the rat: prolactin, gonadotropin and steroid levels associated with rescue of the corpus luteum of pseudopregnancy.
TL;DR: It is suggested that nocturnal surge on D-2, PROLACTin is the major Luteotropic stimulus which transforms and estrous cycle into pseudopregnancy by prolonging progesterone secretion from the corpus luteum.
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Extrapituitary Prolactin: Distribution, Regulation, Functions, and Clinical Aspects*
TL;DR: This review addresses the concept of the dual function of PRL, as a circulating hormone and a cytokine, based on its shared properties with hematopoietic growth factors.
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Pregnancy-stimulated neurogenesis in the adult female forebrain mediated by prolactin.
Tetsuro Shingo,Christopher Gregg,Emeka Enwere,Hirokazu Fujikawa,Rozina Hassam,Colleen Geary,James C. Cross,Samuel Weiss +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the production of neuronal progenitors is stimulated in the forebrain subventricular zone of female mice during pregnancy and that this effect is mediated by the hormone prolactin, implying that forebrain olfactory neurogenesis may contribute to adaptive behaviors in mating and pregnancy.