Journal ArticleDOI
Relative anterior spinal overgrowth in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: RESULTS OF DISPROPORTIONATE ENDOCHONDRAL-MEMBRANOUS BONE GROWTH
TLDR
The text for this EFG was written by Professor Jack Cheng and his colleagues who used whole spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to re-investigate the relative anterior spinal overgrowth of progressive AIS in a cross-sectional study and three new hypotheses are proposed to interpret their findings.Abstract:
We undertook a comparative study of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) vertebral morphometry of thoracic vertebrae of girls with adolescent idiopathic thoracic scoliosis (AIS) and age and gender-matched normal subjects, in order to investigate abnormal differential growth of the anterior and posterior elements of the thoracic vertebrae in patients with scoliosis. Previous studies have suggested that disproportionate growth of the anterior and posterior columns may contribute to the development of AIS. Whole spine MRI was undertaken on 83 girls with AIS between the age of 12 and 14 years, and Cobb's angles of between 20 degrees and 90 degrees, and 22 age-matched controls. Multiple measurements of each thoracic vertebra were obtained from the best sagittal and axial MRI cuts. Compared with the controls, the scoliotic spines had longer vertebral bodies between T1 and T12 in the anterior column and shorter pedicles with a larger interpedicular distance in the posterior column. The differential growth between the anterior and the posterior elements of each thoracic vertebra in the patients with AIS was significantly different from that in the controls (p < 0.01). There was also a significant positive correlation between the scoliosis severity score and the ratio of differential growth between the anterior and posterior columns for each thoracic vertebra (p < 0.01). Compared with age-matched controls, the longitudinal growth of the vertebral bodies in patients with AIS is disproportionate and faster and mainly occurs by endochondral ossification. In contrast, the circumferential growth by membranous ossification is slower in both the vertebral bodies and pedicles.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
TL;DR: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis affects 1-3% of children in the at-risk population of those aged 10-16 years and the aetiopathogensis of this disorder remains unknown, with misinformation about its natural history.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic variants in GPR126 are associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Ikuyo Kou,Yohei Takahashi,Todd A. Johnson,Atsushi Takahashi,Long Guo,Jin Dai,Xu-sheng Qiu,Swarkar Sharma,Swarkar Sharma,Aki Takimoto,Yoji Ogura,Hua Jiang,Huang Yan,Katsuki Kono,Noriaki Kawakami,Koki Uno,Manabu Ito,Shohei Minami,Haruhisa Yanagida,Hiroshi Taneichi,Naoya Hosono,Taichi Tsuji,Teppei Suzuki,Hideki Sudo,Toshiaki Kotani,Ikuho Yonezawa,Douglas Londono,Derek Gordon,John A. Herring,John A. Herring,Kota Watanabe,Kazuhiro Chiba,Naoyuki Kamatani,Qing Jiang,Yuji Hiraki,Michiaki Kubo,Yoshiaki Toyama,Tatsuhiko Tsunoda,Carol Wise,Carol Wise,Yong Qiu,Chisa Shukunami,Morio Matsumoto,Shiro Ikegawa +43 more
TL;DR: A new susceptibility locus on chromosome 6q24.1 in Japanese is identified and the most significantly associated SNP, rs6570507, was in GPR126 (encoding G protein–coupled receptor 126), which was replicated in Han Chinese and European-ancestry populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
The pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: review of the literature.
TL;DR: Although any or all of the mentioned factors may play a certain role in the initiation and progression of AIS at a certain stage, the presented material suggests that in the observed deformation, genetics, and the unique mechanics of the fully upright human spine play a decisive role.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aetiology of idiopathic scoliosis: current concepts.
TL;DR: A neurodevelopmental concept is outlined for the aetiology of progressive AIS that involves lipid peroxidation and, if substantiated, has initial therapeutic potential by dietary anti-oxidants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomechanical spinal growth modulation and progressive adolescent scoliosis – a test of the 'vicious cycle' pathogenetic hypothesis: Summary of an electronic focus group debate of the IBSE
TL;DR: A new speculative concept is proposed of vertebral symphyseal dysplasia with implications for Dr Stokes' research and the etiology of AIS, and the need to test this hypothesis using additional factors in his current model and in three-dimensional quantitative models that incorporate intervertebral discs and simulate thoracic as well as lumbar scoliosis.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The three column spine and its significance in the classification of acute thoracolumbar spinal injuries
TL;DR: The author introduces the concept of middle column or middle osteoligamentouscomplex between the traditionally recognized posterior ligamentous complex and the anterior longitudinal ligament, and the correlation between the three-column system, the classification, the stability, the therapeutic indications are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Living with the past: evolution, development, and patterns of disease
Peter D. Gluckman,Mark A. Hanson +1 more
TL;DR: Research in evolutionary biology, developmental biology, and animal and human physiology suggests that environmental processes influencing the propensity to disease in adulthood operate during the periconceptual, fetal, and infant phases of life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sexual Dimorphism in Skeletal Size, Density, and Strength
Journal ArticleDOI
Developmental stability, disease and medicine.
TL;DR: It is proposed that developmental stability is an important marker of human health and the integration of the sciences of evolutionary biology, developmental biology and medicine provides a significant addition to the growing field of Darwinian medicine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Etiology of idiopathic scoliosis: current trends in research.
Thomas G. Lowe,Michael Edgar,Joseph Y. Margulies,Nancy H. Miller,V. James Raso,Kent A. Reinker,Charles-Hilaire Rivard +6 more
TL;DR: Although no consistent neurological abnormalities have been identified in patients with idiopathic scoliosis, it is possible that a defect in processing by the central nervous system affects the growing spine.