Rotors and the Dynamics of Cardiac Fibrillation
Sandeep V. Pandit,José Jalife +1 more
TLDR
Examination of recent evidence suggesting that rotors are critical in sustaining both atrial and ventricular fibrillation in the human heart and its implications for treatment with radiofrequency ablation is examined.Abstract:
The objective of this article is to present a broad review of the role of cardiac electric rotors and their accompanying spiral waves in the mechanism of cardiac fibrillation. At the outset, we present a brief historical overview regarding reentry and then discuss the basic concepts and terminologies pertaining to rotors and their initiation. Thereafter, the intrinsic properties of rotors and spiral waves, including phase singularities, wavefront curvature, and dominant frequency maps, are discussed. The implications of rotor dynamics for the spatiotemporal organization of fibrillation, independent of the species being studied, are described next. The knowledge gained regarding the role of cardiac structure in the initiation or maintenance of rotors and the ionic bases of spiral waves in the past 2 decades, as well as the significance for drug therapy, is reviewed subsequently. We conclude by examining recent evidence suggesting that rotors are critical in sustaining both atrial and ventricular fibrillation in the human heart and its implications for treatment with radiofrequency ablation.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
Spiral Waves in the Heart
TL;DR: This chapter provides the most known experimental examples of spiral wave activity in cardiac tissue which includes experiments in slices of cardiac tissue, whole heart preparations and cultures of cardiac cells.
Dissertation
Fibrillation atriale : des mécanismes physiopathologiques à la prise en charge thérapeutique
TL;DR: Dans un modele ovin de FA persistante, nous avons ainsi demontre that la frequence dominante (DF) de the FA augmentait progressivement pendant les premieres semaines de l’arythmie, alors que les episodes etaient paroxystiques, phenomene en rapport avec le raccourcissement de the duree du potentiel d’action secondaire au remodelage
Characterization of Cardiac Electrogram Signals During Atrial Fibrillation
TL;DR: Characterization of Cardiac Electrogram Signals During Atrial Fibrillation is studied to establish an experimental procedure to characterize the electrical activity of the Tournaisian nervous system during atrial fibrillation.
Book
Development of new signal analysis methods as preoperative predictors of the Cox-Maze procedure outcome in atrial fibrillation
TL;DR: Studying the AF information contained in an ECG could provide new data to understand the AF and also could help to develop a reliable method to predict preoperatively the Cox-Maze outcome.
Processing the Intracardiac Electrogram for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
TL;DR: Thesis (Ph.D, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2016-09-27 15:07:25.696
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Spontaneous Initiation of Atrial Fibrillation by Ectopic Beats Originating in the Pulmonary Veins
Michel Haïssaguerre,Pierre Jaïs,D. C. Shah,Atsushi Takahashi,Mélèze Hocini,G Quiniou,S. Garrigue,A Le Mouroux,P Le Métayer,Jacques Clementy +9 more
TL;DR: The pulmonary veins are an important source of ectopic beats, initiating frequent paroxysms of atrial fibrillation and these foci respond to treatment with radio-frequency ablation.
Book
Cardiac Electrophysiology : From Cell to Bedside
Douglas P. Zipes,José Jalife +1 more
TL;DR: Part I - Molecular Bases Of Ion Channel Activity PART II - Biophysics and Regulation of Cardiac Ion Channels PART III - Pharmacology of Card cardiac Ion Ch channels PART IV - Cellular Electrophysiology PART V - Models of Cardiopulmonary Excitation PART VI - Neural Control ofCardiac Electrical Activity
Journal ArticleDOI
Excitation-Contraction Coupling and Cardiac Contractile Force.
Donald M. Bers,Yujie Zhu +1 more
TL;DR: The major cellular structures involved in E-C coupling include myofilaments, Na/Ca exchange and the sarcolemmal Ca-pump as mentioned in this paper, as well as the sources and sinks of activator calcium.
Journal ArticleDOI
A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential. I. Simulations of ionic currents and concentration changes.
Ching-Hsing Luo,Yoram Rudy +1 more
TL;DR: The model provides the basis for the study of arrhythmogenic activity of the single myocyte including afterdepolarizations and triggered activity and can simulate cellular responses under different degrees of Ca2+ overload.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model of the ventricular cardiac action potential. Depolarization, repolarization, and their interaction.
Ching-Hsing Luo,Yoram Rudy +1 more
TL;DR: Simulation of the membrane action potential of the mammalian ventricular cell shows the importance of the slow recovery of INa in determining the response of the cell and relates these phenomena to the underlying ionic channel kinetics.