Rotors and the Dynamics of Cardiac Fibrillation
Sandeep V. Pandit,José Jalife +1 more
TLDR
Examination of recent evidence suggesting that rotors are critical in sustaining both atrial and ventricular fibrillation in the human heart and its implications for treatment with radiofrequency ablation is examined.Abstract:
The objective of this article is to present a broad review of the role of cardiac electric rotors and their accompanying spiral waves in the mechanism of cardiac fibrillation. At the outset, we present a brief historical overview regarding reentry and then discuss the basic concepts and terminologies pertaining to rotors and their initiation. Thereafter, the intrinsic properties of rotors and spiral waves, including phase singularities, wavefront curvature, and dominant frequency maps, are discussed. The implications of rotor dynamics for the spatiotemporal organization of fibrillation, independent of the species being studied, are described next. The knowledge gained regarding the role of cardiac structure in the initiation or maintenance of rotors and the ionic bases of spiral waves in the past 2 decades, as well as the significance for drug therapy, is reviewed subsequently. We conclude by examining recent evidence suggesting that rotors are critical in sustaining both atrial and ventricular fibrillation in the human heart and its implications for treatment with radiofrequency ablation.read more
Citations
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WITHDRAWN: 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE Expert Consensus Statement on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Hugh Calkins,Gerhard Hindricks,Riccardo Cappato,Younghoon Kim,Eduardo B. Saad,Luis Aguinaga,Joseph G. Akar,Vinay Badhwar,Josep Brugada,John Camm,Peng Sheng Chen,Shih Ann Chen,Mina K. Chung,Jens Cosedis Nielsen,Anne B. Curtis,D. Wyn Davies,John D. Day,Andre d'Avila,N.M.S. (Natasja) deGroot,Luigi Di Biase,Mattias Duytschaever,James R. Edgerton,Kenneth A. Ellenbogen,Patrick T. Ellinor,Sabine Ernst,Guilherme Fenelon,Edward P. Gerstenfeld,David E. Haines,Michel Haïssaguerre,Robert H. Helm,Elaine M. Hylek,Warren M. Jackman,José Jalife,Jonathan M. Kalman,Josef Kautzner,Hans Kottkamp,Karl-Heinz Kuck,Koichiro Kumagai,Richard T. Lee,Thorsten Lewalter,Bruce D. Lindsay,Laurent Macle,Moussa Mansour,Francis E. Marchlinski,Gregory F. Michaud,Hiroshi Nakagawa,Andrea Natale,Stanley Nattel,Ken Okumura,Douglas L. Packer,Evgeny Pokushalov,Matthew R. Reynolds,Prashanthan Sanders,Mauricio Scanavacca,Richard J. Schilling,Claudio Tondo,Hsuan-Ming Tsao,Atul Verma,David J. Wilber,Teiichi Yamane +59 more
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Challenges Associated with Interpreting Mechanisms of AF
TL;DR: The authors review different AF mechanisms, including anatomical and functional re-entry, hierarchical drivers and anarchical multiple wavelets, and describe different cardiac mapping techniques and analysis tools, including activation mapping, phase mapping and fibrosis identification.
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Repeat pulmonary vein isolation with or without FIRM-guided ablation for recurrent atrial fibrillation with pulmonary vein reconnection.
Graham Peigh,Jeremiah Wasserlauf,Rachel M. Kaplan,Ansel Philip Amaral,Amar Trivedi,Alexandru B. Chicos,Rishi Arora,Susan S. Kim,Albert C. Lin,Nishant Verma,Bradley P. Knight,Rod S. Passman +11 more
TL;DR: No published studies have compared freedom from atrial fibrillation (FFAF) after pulmonary vein reisolation (PVRI) plus FIRM to PVRI alone in patients with reconnected PVs undergoing repeat ablation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hidden structures of information transport underlying spiral wave dynamics.
Hiroshi Ashikaga,Ryan G. James +1 more
TL;DR: By defining the information flow over the excitable medium, hidden coherent structures emerge that effectively quantify the information transport underlying the spiral wave dynamics, and some coherent structures become more clearly defined over a longer observation period.
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Elimination of spiral waves in a locally connected chaotic neural network by a dynamic phase space constraint
TL;DR: The results of this study broaden the applicability of DPSC to chaos control and they may also facilitate the utilization of locally connected CNNs in memory retrieval and the exploration of traveling wave dynamics in biological neural networks.
References
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Spontaneous Initiation of Atrial Fibrillation by Ectopic Beats Originating in the Pulmonary Veins
Michel Haïssaguerre,Pierre Jaïs,D. C. Shah,Atsushi Takahashi,Mélèze Hocini,G Quiniou,S. Garrigue,A Le Mouroux,P Le Métayer,Jacques Clementy +9 more
TL;DR: The pulmonary veins are an important source of ectopic beats, initiating frequent paroxysms of atrial fibrillation and these foci respond to treatment with radio-frequency ablation.
Book
Cardiac Electrophysiology : From Cell to Bedside
Douglas P. Zipes,José Jalife +1 more
TL;DR: Part I - Molecular Bases Of Ion Channel Activity PART II - Biophysics and Regulation of Cardiac Ion Channels PART III - Pharmacology of Card cardiac Ion Ch channels PART IV - Cellular Electrophysiology PART V - Models of Cardiopulmonary Excitation PART VI - Neural Control ofCardiac Electrical Activity
Journal ArticleDOI
Excitation-Contraction Coupling and Cardiac Contractile Force.
Donald M. Bers,Yujie Zhu +1 more
TL;DR: The major cellular structures involved in E-C coupling include myofilaments, Na/Ca exchange and the sarcolemmal Ca-pump as mentioned in this paper, as well as the sources and sinks of activator calcium.
Journal ArticleDOI
A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential. I. Simulations of ionic currents and concentration changes.
Ching-Hsing Luo,Yoram Rudy +1 more
TL;DR: The model provides the basis for the study of arrhythmogenic activity of the single myocyte including afterdepolarizations and triggered activity and can simulate cellular responses under different degrees of Ca2+ overload.
Journal ArticleDOI
A model of the ventricular cardiac action potential. Depolarization, repolarization, and their interaction.
Ching-Hsing Luo,Yoram Rudy +1 more
TL;DR: Simulation of the membrane action potential of the mammalian ventricular cell shows the importance of the slow recovery of INa in determining the response of the cell and relates these phenomena to the underlying ionic channel kinetics.