RPW8/HR repeats control NLR activation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Cristina A. Barragan,Rui Wu,Sangtae Kim,Wanyan Xi,Anette Habring,Jörg Hagmann,Anna-Lena Van de Weyer,Maricris Zaidem,William Ho,William Ho,George Wang,Ilja Bezrukov,Detlef Weigel,Eunyoung Chae,Eunyoung Chae +14 more
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TLDR
Deleterious allele-specific interactions between an NLR and a non-NLR gene cluster are reported, resulting in not one, but multiple hybrid necrosis cases in Arabidopsis thaliana.Abstract:
In many plant species, conflicts between divergent elements of the immune system, especially nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLR), can lead to hybrid necrosis. Here, we report deleterious allele-specific interactions between an NLR and a non-NLR gene cluster, resulting in not one, but multiple hybrid necrosis cases in Arabidopsis thaliana. The NLR cluster is RESISTANCE TO PERONOSPORA PARASITICA 7 (RPP7), which can confer strain-specific resistance to oomycetes. The non-NLR cluster is RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW 8 (RPW8) / HOMOLOG OF RPW8 (HR), which can confer broad-spectrum resistance to both fungi and oomycetes. RPW8/HR proteins contain at the N-terminus a potential transmembrane domain, followed by a specific coiled-coil (CC) domain that is similar to a domain found in pore-forming toxins MLKL and HET-S from mammals and fungi. C-terminal to the CC domain is a variable number of 21- or 14-amino acid repeats, reminiscent of regulatory 21-amino acid repeats in fungal HET-S. The number of repeats in different RPW8/HR proteins along with the sequence of a short C-terminal tail predicts their ability to activate immunity in combination with specific RPP7 partners. Whether a larger or smaller number of repeats is more dangerous depends on the specific RPW8/HR autoimmune risk variant.read more
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Thirty years of resistance: Zig-zag through the plant immune system
TL;DR: The signaling pathways, physiological responses, and molecular regulation of both PRR- and NLR-mediated immunity are reviewed, highlighting challenges and perspectives for future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
OUP accepted manuscript
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors provide a list of characterized PRRs and NLRs and review the signaling pathways, physiological responses, and molecular regulation of both PRR- and NLR-mediated immunity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosome-level assemblies of multiple Arabidopsis genomes reveal hotspots of rearrangements with altered evolutionary dynamics
TL;DR: It is suggested that hotspots of rearrangements undergo altered evolutionary dynamics, as compared to the rest of the genome, and thereby enable a quick response to the biotic stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
An N-terminal motif in NLR immune receptors is functionally conserved across distantly related plant species.
Hiroaki Adachi,Mauricio P Contreras,Adeline Harant,Chih-Hang Wu,Lida Derevnina,Toshiyuki Sakai,Cian Duggan,Eleonora Moratto,Tolga O. Bozkurt,Abbas Maqbool,Joe Win,Sophien Kamoun +11 more
TL;DR: In vitro Mu transposition is used to generate a random truncation library and identify the minimal functional region of NLRs and revealed that the NRC4 N-terminal 29 amino acids are sufficient to induce hypersensitive cell death.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of Plant NLRs: From Natural History to Precise Modifications
TL;DR: The evolution of NLRs is discussed, an overview of previous engineering attempts are given, and how to use evolutionary knowledge to advance future research in the generation of novel disease-recognition capabilities are proposed.
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