Journal ArticleDOI
Soil-Nitrogen Cycling in a Pine Forest Exposed to 5 Years of Elevated Carbon Dioxide
TLDR
In this paper, the authors studied the response of a southern US pine forest to elevated CO2 for 5 years (1997-2001) and observed no statistically significant change in the gross or net rate of inorganic N mineralization and immobilization in any soil horizon under elevated CO 2.Abstract:
Empirical and modeling studies have shown that the magnitude and duration of the primary production response to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) can be constrained by limiting supplies of soil nitrogen (N). We have studied the response of a southern US pine forest to elevated CO2 for 5 years (1997–2001). Net primary production has increased significantly under elevated CO2. We hypothesized that the increase in carbon (C) fluxes to the microbial community under elevated CO2 would increase the rate of N immobilization over mineralization. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying the pool sizes and fluxes of inorganic and organic N in the forest floor and top 30 cm of mineral soil during the first 5 years of CO2 fumigation. We observed no statistically significant change in the gross or net rate of inorganic N mineralization and immobilization in any soil horizon under elevated CO2. Similarly, elevated CO2 had no statistically significant effect on the concentration or flux of organic N, including amino acids. Microbial biomass N was not significantly different between CO2 treatments. Thus, we reject our hypothesis that elevated CO2 increases the rate of N immobilization. The quantity and chemistry of the litter inputs to the forest floor and mineral soil horizons can explain the limited range of microbially mediated soil–N cycling responses observed in this ecosystem. Nevertheless a comparative analysis of ecosystem development at this site and other loblolly pine forests suggests that rapid stand development and C sequestration under elevated CO2 may be possible only in the early stages of stand development, prior to the onset of acute N limitation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Progressive Nitrogen Limitation of Ecosystem Responses to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
Yiqi Luo,Bo Su,William S. Currie,Jeffrey S. Dukes,Adrien C. Finzi,Ueli A. Hartwig,Bruce A. Hungate,Ross E. McMurtrie,Ram Oren,William J. Parton,Diane E. Pataki,Rebecca M. Shaw,Donald R. Zak,Christopher B. Field +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a new framework that centers on the concept of progressive N limitation (PNL) for studying the interactions between C and N in terrestrial ecosystems, and examined conditions under which PNL may or may not constrain net primary production and carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystem.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen limitation constrains sustainability of ecosystem response to CO2
Peter B. Reich,Sarah E. Hobbie,Tali D. Lee,David S. Ellsworth,Jason B. West,David Tilman,Johannes M. H. Knops,Shahid Naeem,Jared J. Trost +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a six-year field study of perennial grassland species grown under ambient and elevated levels of CO2 and nitrogen (N) and showed that low availability of N progressively suppresses the positive response of plant biomass to elevated CO2.
Nitrogen limitation constrains sustainability ofecosystem response to CO2
TL;DR: It is shown, after a six-year field study of perennial grassland species grown under ambient and elevated levels of CO2 and N, that low availability of N progressively suppresses the positive response of plant biomass to elevated CO2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced root exudation induces microbial feedbacks to N cycling in a pine forest under long-term CO2 fumigation
TL;DR: Field-based empirical support is provided suggesting that sustained growth responses of forests to elevated CO(2) in low fertility soils are maintained by enhanced rates of microbial activity and N cycling fuelled by inputs of root-derived C, and to the extent that increases in exudation also stimulate SOM decomposition, such changes may prevent soil C accumulation in forest ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon-Nitrogen Interactions in Terrestrial Ecosystems in Response to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight the theory and empirical evidence behind potential interactions between carbon and nitrogen in terrestrial ecosystems, focusing on photosynthesis, primary production, biogeochemistry, trophic interactions, and interactions with other resources and environmental factors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: A rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil
TL;DR: In this paper, a direct extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass nitrogen (biomass N) is described, which is based on CHC13 fumigation, followed by immediate extraction with 0.5 M K2SO4 and measurement of total N released by CHC 13 in the soil extracts.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a perspective of the global cycle of nitrogen and phosphorous, the global water cycle, and the global sulfur cycle from a global point of view.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen limitation on land and in the sea: How can it occur?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine both how the biogeochemistry of the nitrogen cycle could cause limitation to develop, and how nitrogen limitation could persist as a consequence of processes that prevent or reduce nitrogen fixation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the role of soil in the formation and evolution of Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry in Perspective, as well as its relationship with Soil Organisms.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the role of soil in the formation and evolution of Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry in Perspective, as well as its relationship with Soil Organisms.