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Journal ArticleDOI

Solar energy conversion by dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells

Michael Grätzel
- 26 Sep 2005 - 
- Vol. 44, Iss: 20, pp 6841-6851
TLDR
Developing solar cells that are based on the sensitization of mesoscopic oxide films by dyes or quantum dots, and the examples for the first outdoor application of such solar cells will be provided.
Abstract
The quality of human life depends to a large degree on the availability of energy. This is threatened unless renewable energy resources can be developed in the near future. Chemistry is expected to make important contributions to identify environmentally friendly solutions of the energy problem. One attractive strategy discussed in this Forum Article is the development of solar cells that are based on the sensitization of mesoscopic oxide films by dyes or quantum dots. These systems have already reached conversion efficiencies exceeding 11%. The underlying fundamental processes of light harvesting by the sensitizer, heterogeneous electron transfer from the electronically excited chromophore into the conduction band of the semiconductor oxide, and percolative migration of the injected electrons through the mesoporous film to the collector electrode will be described below in detail. A number of research topics will also be discussed, and the examples for the first outdoor application of such solar cells wi...

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Brief Overview of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

TL;DR: The basic principles of the operation of DSC, the state-of-the-art as well as the potentials for future development are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

Flexible, Adhesive, and Biocompatible Bragg Mirrors Based on Polydimethylsiloxane Infiltrated Nanoparticle Multilayers

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of self-standing, flexible, and biocompatible optical interference filters obtained through infiltration and polymerization of an elastomer (polydimethylsiloxane) in a porous Bragg mirror prepared by alternating deposition of layers of TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles.
Journal ArticleDOI

Recent Progress in the Use of Vilsmeier-Type Reagents

TL;DR: The Vilsmeier reaction has been a topic of great interest to organic chemists, and it continues to attract considerable attention as mentioned in this paper, and it has been the subject of many papers.
Journal ArticleDOI

High Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells based on a Bi-Layered Photoanode Made of TiO2 Nanocrystallites and Microspheres with High Thermal Stability

TL;DR: In this paper, a controlled hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and subsequent solvothermal treatment was used to synthesize submicrometer-sized monodispersed TiO2 spheres.
Journal ArticleDOI

Harvesting solar energy using conjugated metallopolyyne donors containing electron-rich phenothiazine-oligothiophene moieties

TL;DR: In this article, a new family of soluble, solution-processable metallopolyynes of platinum(II) functionalized with electron-rich phenothiazine-oligothiophene rings and their corresponding dinuclear model complexes were synthesized and characterized.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a photovoltaic cell, created from low-to medium-purity materials through low-cost processes, which exhibits a commercially realistic energy-conversion efficiency.
Journal Article

Photoelectrochemical cells : Materials for clean energy

Michael Grätzel
- 01 Jan 2001 - 
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors look into the historical background, and present status and development prospects for photoelectrochemical cells, based on nanocrystalline materials and conducting polymer films.
Journal ArticleDOI

Conversion of light to electricity by cis-X2bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) charge-transfer sensitizers (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, CN-, and SCN-) on nanocrystalline titanium dioxide electrodes

TL;DR: Cis-X 2 Bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium(II) complexes were prepared and characterized with respct to their absorption, luminescence, and redox behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI

Solid-state dye-sensitized mesoporous TiO2 solar cells with high photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies

TL;DR: A dye-sensitized heterojunction of TiO2 with the amorphous organic hole-transport material 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9′-spirobifluorene (OMeTAD) was described in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI

Efficient photodiodes from interpenetrating polymer networks

TL;DR: In this paper, the interpenetrating network formed from a phase-segregated mixture of two semiconducting polymers is shown to provide both the spatially distributed interfaces necessary for efficient charge photo-generation, and the means for separately collecting the electrons and holes.
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