Soluble Interleukin 2 Receptor and Interleukin 1α in Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Comparative Analysis of Serum and Blister Fluid Samples
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TLDR
Findings of elevated sIL-2R levels in blister fluid of patients with TEN are probably related to a local down-regulation of an immunologically mediated cytotoxic reaction and further support the involvement of activated T lymphocytes in the early blisters of TEN.Abstract:
Results: In the blister fluid of patients with TEN, we found significantly higher levels of sIL-2R than in patients with burns, whereas IL-1 levels were higher in the blister fluid of burned patients. No significant differences were found in serum samples of patients with TEN and burns, in either sIL-2R or IL-1. In TEN we also found significantly higher levels of sIL-2R in the blister fluid compared with serum samples, pointing to a predominantly local production contrasting with the low concentration of sIL-2R in the blister fluid of burned patients. Conclusions: Our findings of elevated sIL-2R levels in blister fluid of patients with TEN are probably related to a local down-regulation of an immunologically mediated cytotoxic reaction and further support the involvement of activated T lymphocytes in the early blisters of TEN.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
TL;DR: Recent data concerning clinical presentation, pathogenesis and treatment of TEN is reviewed, with evidence suggesting that combination therapies may be of value and anecdotal or based on observational or retrospective studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxic epidermal necrolysis: current evidence, practical management and future directions.
TL;DR: A composite model of T EN is presented, based on previous work and suggested pathogeneses of TEN, mechanisms of drug reactions and reported cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) cytolytic pathways, which suggests a multifaceted regimen appears indicated, targeting various likely intermediary mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current Perspectives on Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
TL;DR: The understanding of the pathogenesis of SJS/TEN has improved: drug-specific T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, genetic linkage with HLA- and non-HLA-genes, TCR restriction, and cytot toxicity mechanisms were clarified.
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Claudia Heijmans-Antonissen,Feikje Wesseldijk,Renate J. M. Munnikes,Frank J P M Huygen,Patrick Van Der Meijden,Wim C. J. Hop,Herbert Hooijkaas,Freek J. Zijlstra +7 more
TL;DR: Investigation of the involvement of mediators by measurement of several other cytokines using new detection techniques that enable multiple cytokine measurement in small samples of CRPS1 finds minimal detection levels are significantly higher in the bead array system than those in common ELISA assays.
References
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Clinical classification of cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and erythema multiforme
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TL;DR: This study suggests that an illustrated atlas is a useful tool for standardizing the diagnosis of acute severe bullous disorders that are attributed to drugs or infectious agents.
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