Journal ArticleDOI
Spatially Heterogeneous Dynamics in Supercooled Liquids
TLDR
In this review, the experimental work that characterizes spatially heterogeneous dynamics in supercooled liquids is described and the following questions are addressed: How large are the heterogeneities?Abstract:
Although it has long been recognized that dynamics in supercooled liquids might be spatially heterogeneous, only in the past few years has clear evidence emerged to support this view. As a liquid is cooled far below its melting point, dynamics in some regions of the sample can be orders of magnitude faster than dynamics in other regions only a few nanometers away. In this review, the experimental work that characterizes this heterogeneity is described. In particular, the following questions are addressed: How large are the heterogeneities? How long do they last? How much do dynamics vary between the fastest and slowest regions? Why do these heterogeneities arise? The answers to these questions influence practical applications of glass-forming materials, including polymers, metallic glasses, and pharmaceuticals.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Decoupling of Translational Diffusion from the Viscosity of Supercooled Water: Role of Translational Jump Diffusion.
TL;DR: Through a molecular dynamics simulation study, the most definite proof of increasing relevance of translational jump diffusion in the above decoupling phenomena is found and the residual diffusion coefficient is obtained, which remains strongly coupled to the viscosity of the medium at the supercooled regime.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conformational and Structural Relaxations of Poly(ethylene oxide) and Poly(propylene oxide) Melts : Molecular Dynamics Study of Spatial Heterogeneity, Cooperativity, and Correlated Forward-Backward Motion
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors characterize the conformational and structural relaxations of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) melts, and show that correlated forward-backward motion is an important aspect of conformational relaxation, leading to strongly nonexponential distributions for the waiting times of the dihedrals in the various conformational states.
Journal ArticleDOI
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy and aging of glass formers
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of aging experiments on a variety of glass formers, including xylitol, glycerol, propylene carbonate, and [Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ] 0.4 [KNO 3 ]0.6 (CKN), were presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural origin of fractional Stokes-Einstein relation in glass-forming liquids
TL;DR: The results directly link the breakdown of the SER with structure inhomogeneity and onset of the fraction SER with percolation of largest clusters, thus provide a possible picture for the break- down of SER and inception of fractional SER in glass-forming liquids, which is is important for the understanding of the dynamic properties inGlass-forming liquid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules in secondary organic aerosols using the Stokes–Einstein and fractional Stokes–Einstein relations
Erin Evoy,Adrian M. Maclean,Grazia Rovelli,Grazia Rovelli,Ying Li,Alexandra P. Tsimpidi,Vlassis A. Karydis,Vlassis A. Karydis,Saeid Kamal,Jos Lelieveld,Jos Lelieveld,Manabu Shiraiwa,Jonathan P. Reid,Allan K. Bertram +13 more
TL;DR: In this article, the Stokes-Einstein relation was used to predict the diffusion coefficient of organic molecules in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the presence of CO 2.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the Temperature Dependence of Cooperative Relaxation Properties in Glass‐Forming Liquids
Gerold Adam,Julian H. Gibbs +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a molecularkinetic theory was proposed to explain the temperature dependence of relaxation behavior in glass-forming liquids in terms of the temperature variation of the size of the cooperatively rearranging region.
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Formation of glasses from liquids and biopolymers.
TL;DR: The onset of a sharp change in ddT( is the Debye-Waller factor and T is temperature) in proteins, which is controversially indentified with the glass transition in liquids, is shown to be general for glass formers and observable in computer simulations of strong and fragile ionic liquids, where it proves to be close to the experimental glass transition temperature.
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Nonexponential relaxations in strong and fragile glass formers
TL;DR: In this article, a broad correlation of non-debye behavior with non-Arrhenius relaxations was found for different types of glass formers, distinguished by their respective molecular complexity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Supercooled Liquids and Glasses
TL;DR: A review of recent progress in the study of supercooled liquids and glasses can be found in this article, where several basic features of the dynamics and thermodynamics of super cooled liquid and glasses are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Size-Dependent Depression of the Glass Transition Temperature in Polymer Films
TL;DR: In this article, the glass transition temperature of thin polystyrene films has been measured as a function of film thickness, and it was found that the transition decreases in temperature as the thickness of the film is reduced.